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The Science of Hearing, Balance & Accelerated Learning

Episode 27 Jul 5, 2021 2h 20 insights
This episode I describe how our ears and nervous system decode sound waves and gravity to allow us to hear and make sense of sounds. I also describe protocols for rapid learning of sound and other types of information. I discuss sound localization, doppler effects (sound motion), pitch perception and how we isolate sounds in noisy environments. I also review the scientific findings on binaural beats and white noise and how they can improve learning. Other topics and protocols include tinnitus, sea sickness, ear movement, ear growth and the science-supported ways we can all accelerate learning using "gap effects". Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Inject Rest During Learning

During learning sessions, inject 10-second rest periods where you do nothing and let your mind drift. This significantly accelerates skill acquisition and retention by allowing the brain to rehearse information at 20 times the speed. Additionally, take a 20-minute nap or decompressed period after a learning session.

2. Dynamic Movement for Balance & Mood

Engage in activities that involve forward acceleration while tilting your body and head (e.g., carving on a skateboard/snowboard, leaning into turns on a bike). This profoundly enhances physical balance, activates the cerebellum, and can improve mood and well-being due to neuromodulator release.

3. Low-Intensity White Noise for Learning

Play low-intensity white noise in the background while learning or studying. This can enhance brain function and focus by raising baseline dopamine release from midbrain regions. Adjust the volume to be audible but not intrusive, ideally in the lower third of the volume dial.

4. Focused Attention for Auditory Learning

When learning auditory information (e.g., music, spoken content), consciously decide to focus on particular cues, frequencies, notes, or themes. This focused attention enhances overall information capture and promotes neuroplasticity in the auditory cortex.

5. Balance Training with Visual Focus

To enhance balance, practice standing on one leg (static posture) while actively shifting your visual focus from a near point to a far point and back. This exercise, done for 2-10 minutes, 2-3 times a week, integrates your visual and vestibular systems, improving overall balance.

6. Protect Hearing: Avoid ‘Two-Hit’ Environments

Protect your hearing by avoiding situations where very loud sounds (e.g., fireworks, gunshots) are superimposed on an already loud environment. This ’two-hit’ model can rapidly cause permanent hearing loss, so use ear protection in loud settings.

7. Headphone Volume for Hearing Health

When using headphones, keep the volume at a lower level. Listening to things at lower volumes for longer durations will help protect your hearing and prolong your ability to perceive sounds, as excessively loud headphone use can lead to rapid hearing loss.

8. Prevent Motion Sickness: Couple Visual & Vestibular

To prevent motion sickness (e.g., in a car or boat), ensure your visual system is coupled with your vestibular system by looking out the front windshield or at the horizon. Allow your eyes to track motion naturally rather than fixating on nearby objects or screens.

9. Address Lightheadedness with Electrolytes

If experiencing lightheadedness, consider if you might be dehydrated or low on electrolytes, particularly sodium. Adding a little sea salt to your water can sometimes alleviate these symptoms by improving hydration and electrolyte balance.

10. Enhance Auditory Memory: Onset & Offset

To enhance auditory learning and memory (e.g., names, directions), deliberately pay attention to both the onset and offset of specific words or phrases. This technique leverages the brain’s natural auditory attention mechanisms to improve signal-to-noise ratio.

11. Avoid White Noise for Infants

Consider avoiding white noise machines or similar background noise for very young children and infants during sleep. Prolonged exposure might disrupt the normal development of tonotopic maps in their auditory system, potentially degrading auditory processing.

12. Use Binaural Beats for Brain States

Utilize binaural beats at specific frequencies (e.g., Delta for sleep, Theta for relaxation, Alpha for recall, Beta for focus, Gamma for learning/problem-solving) to shift brain states. This can help some individuals achieve states better suited for learning, focus, or relaxation.

13. Melatonin for Tinnitus Relief

Consult a doctor about taking 3mg of melatonin daily for 30 days to 6 months. Studies indicate it can modestly reduce the severity of tinnitus symptoms, though it is not a cure.

14. Zinc Supplementation for Tinnitus

Consult a doctor about supplementing with 50mg of elemental zinc daily for 1-6 months. This dosage has been shown in some studies to reduce subjective tinnitus symptoms in certain individuals.

15. Magnesium for Tinnitus Symptoms

Consult a doctor about supplementing with 532mg of elemental magnesium. A small study indicated an association between this dosage and a lessening of symptoms related to tinnitus.

If experiencing age-related tinnitus or tinnitus linked to cognitive decline, consider consulting a doctor about Ginkgo Bilboa supplementation for 1-6 months. Limited evidence suggests it might offer some benefit in these specific cases.

17. Daily Electrolyte Intake with Element

Drink Element (an electrolyte drink with sodium, magnesium, potassium, and no sugar) dissolved in water upon waking and during physical exercise. This ensures proper hydration and electrolyte balance, which is critical for optimal brain and body function.

18. Support Nutrition with Athletic Greens

Consider taking Athletic Greens once or twice a day to cover basic nutritional needs, address potential deficiencies, and support microbiome health with its included probiotics, which are vital for overall health.

19. Use Waking Up App for Rest & Focus

Utilize the Waking Up app for meditation, mindfulness training, yoga nidra, or non-sleep deep rest (NSDR) protocols. These practices can greatly restore levels of cognitive and physical energy, even with short 10-minute sessions.

20. Cup Ears to Enhance Hearing

To hear things with greater accuracy or capture distant sounds more effectively, cup your hand around your ear. This simple physical action creates a larger pinna, funneling sound waves better into your ear.