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The Science & Art of Comedy & Creativity | Tom Segura

Episode 229 May 19, 2025 2h 19m 27 insights
My guest is Tom Segura, renowned comedian, writer, actor and director. We discuss the “how-to” of comedy writing and storytelling, and what the science of humor and the creative process reveal about human emotion and memory. We explore why surprise and the act of "saying the unspoken truth" activate the brain’s reward circuits, as well as the subconscious mechanisms that shape our sense of what is funny. The episode also examines the bi-directional influence between comedy and cultural standards. It will interest anyone curious about the science of humor, the art of performance and emotional contagion. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Drop Old Material to Evolve

Consistently retire old, successful material to create room for new ideas, preventing stagnation and fostering continuous creative evolution. This practice helps your brain generate novel content and avoids becoming a ‘one-hit wonder’ in your craft.

2. Willingness to ‘Bomb’ for Growth

Embrace the risk of failure in ‘workout’ or practice sessions to develop truly good new material. Elite performers understand that ’eating shit’ is necessary to train and get stronger in their craft.

3. Cut Ties with Previous Self

Be willing to let go of past successes and identities to remain present and future-oriented in your craft. This mindset prevents being constrained by former achievements and encourages continuous evolution.

4. Channel Dark Thoughts into Art

Acknowledge and express your dark thoughts through creative outlets like writing, painting, or comedy, rather than suppressing them. This serves as a healthier channel for human darkness and can lead to impactful art.

5. Start Day with Hard Workout

Begin your day with a hard workout to trigger the release of adrenaline, dopamine, and norepinephrine, waking up your brain and body. This neurochemical shift enhances alertness and focus for up to six hours, making it easier to tackle demanding tasks.

6. Be Open and Vulnerable

Approach performances with an open, inviting, and vulnerable mindset to connect more deeply with your audience. This unspoken courage makes the audience more receptive, leading to better engagement and stronger positive reactions.

7. Strive for On-Stage Authenticity

Aim to be your true off-stage self when performing, as this is the ultimate goal for a comedian. Conveying your genuine perspective on stage allows the audience to understand and appreciate your unique humor.

8. Cultivate an ‘Antenna Up’ Mindset

Maintain a state of receptiveness, like having your ‘antenna up,’ to continuously find creative ideas in daily life. This puts your brain in a mode where it’s always looking for humorous or insightful perspectives.

9. Surround Yourself with Creative People

Spend time with other creative individuals to naturally shift your brain into a more creative or ‘joke mode.’ The company you keep can significantly influence your mindset and idea generation.

10. Develop Ideas on Stage (Real-Time)

Take the ‘kernel’ of a creative idea directly to the stage or performance setting to build it out in real time. This iterative process allows for immediate feedback and organic development of material.

11. Refine Material by Experimenting, Trimming

Continuously test and adjust your content, experimenting with different information levels and joke lines. Trim any ‘fat’ or useless information that doesn’t contribute to the humor or story to improve its effectiveness.

12. Abandon Non-Working Material

Be willing to let go of creative ideas or bits that consistently fail to land with an audience, even if you are personally attached to them. Recognizing when something ‘just doesn’t work’ is crucial for progress.

13. Embrace a ‘Silly Mindset’ for Performance

Adopt a playful, childlike mindset backstage before a performance to foster a fun and effective on-stage presence. This ‘goofing off’ helps you be the best version of yourself as a performer.

14. Accept Audience Reactions

Understand that you cannot dictate how people will react to your content, and avoid complaining about negative feedback. Professionalism involves accepting that some material will land well, and some will not.

15. Maintain Crowd Connection

Do not ignore obvious disruptions or events in the audience, such as a fight or someone screaming, during a performance. Acknowledging these events maintains your connection with the audience and prevents appearing disconnected.

16. Reframing Material for Digestibility

Adjust the angle or perspective of your content to make it more palatable or impactful for a specific audience. For example, a comedian can ‘shit on women harder’ if they are a woman, as it comes from an ‘own’ perspective.

17. Embrace Strong Opinions for Humor

Cultivate strong feelings (either love or hate) about topics, as indifference (‘I’m fine’) is generally not conducive to humor. Funny content often stems from passionate reactions to the world.

18. Use Single-Word Set Lists

Organize your performance with brief, single-word cues for different segments, often broken into 15-minute chunks. This allows for flow and improvisation while keeping the structure of your show intact.

19. Record Voice Memos (while high)

Utilize cannabis in specific, non-overwhelming doses to encourage stream-of-consciousness idea generation, recording these thoughts as voice memos. This can lead to new perspectives and humorous insights.

20. Generate Ideas from Conversations

Discover new material by observing and riffing on topics during everyday discussions with others. If something naturally makes people laugh in conversation, it’s a good candidate for stage material.

21. Phone Outside Bedroom

Place your phone outside the bedroom while you sleep to improve sleep quality. Your brain anticipates picking up the phone even while sleeping, and its absence can lead to better rest.

22. Phone Outside Room for Focus

Remove your phone from the room during cognitive tasks, such as studying or taking a test, to prevent brain distraction. Studies show that performance is lower when a phone is present, even if unused.

23. Long Runs to Clear Mental Clutter

Engage in long, slow runs to purge mental noise and achieve a state of ‘wordlessness,’ which can clear mental clutter. This practice can leave you feeling refreshed and focused afterward.

24. Kettlebell Carry for Morning Alertness

Perform a brief, heavy kettlebell carry (e.g., 70 pounds, end-to-end twice) immediately upon waking to increase alertness. This teaches your body to anticipate work and makes you more alert from the start of the day.

25. Avoid Genuinely Cynical People

Distance yourself from truly cynical individuals as their negativity can be unproductive and act like a ‘virus’ to your own hope and creative drive. Cynicism often equates to negativity and being a ‘buzzkill’.

26. Therapy for Self-Awareness

Engage in therapy to gain self-awareness and connect dots about personal issues, understanding that it provides insight rather than complete resolution. It helps you understand yourself better without necessarily eliminating the ‘friction’ that fuels creativity.

27. Use Humor for Social Acceptance

Employ humor as a strategy to gain social acceptance and connect with new groups, especially when feeling like an ‘outsider.’ This can be a powerful tool for building rapport and making people like you.