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How to Use Exercise to Improve Your Brain’s Health, Longevity & Performance

Episode 210 Jan 6, 2025 1h 49m 22 insights
In this episode, I discuss how different forms of exercise impact brain health and performance in both the short and long term. I explain how many of the positive effects of exercise on brain function occur through the action of specific neurochemicals that increase alertness. I also cover how to best time exercise and which specific types of exercise to include in your weekly routine to maximize benefits for your brain. Additionally, I explain how certain types of exercise trigger the release of a hormone from your bones called osteocalcin, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Together, these substances increase neuroplasticity and enhance learning. The positive effects of exercise on brain oxygenation, blood supply, and fuel utilization are also discussed. Listeners will learn how to design a weekly exercise program that optimizes physical fitness, brain health, longevity, and performance, along with the mechanistic logic behind those recommendations. Find show notes with articles, resources and more at hubermanlab.com. Pre-order Andrew's upcoming book, Protocols: https://go.hubermanlab.com/protocols
Actionable Insights

1. Weekly ‘Hate It’ Workout

To activate and potentially increase the size of your anterior mid cingulate cortex (linked to grit, persistence, and ‘super aging’), commit to doing a safe, physically and psychologically challenging exercise you genuinely dislike at least once per week.

2. Prioritize Sleep, Exercise for Better Sleep

Ensure adequate sleep, as it mediates many positive effects of exercise on brain health. Exercise, especially high-intensity training early in the day combined with bright light exposure, can improve sleep quality and quantity.

3. Prioritize Compound Exercises

To maximize arousal, focus, and brain health benefits from exercise, prioritize compound movements like squats, deadlifts, bench presses, dips, pull-ups, and rows.

4. Load Skeleton with Jumping

Incorporate jumping exercises (e.g., jump rope, box jumps) into your weekly routine to load the skeleton, promoting osteocalcin release from bones, which enhances hippocampus function for learning and memory.

5. Weekly Long Slow Distance Cardio

Include at least one 45-75 minute session of long slow distance (Zone 2) cardiovascular training per week (e.g., jogging, swimming, rowing) to benefit cerebral blood flow and overall brain function.

6. Weekly High-Intensity Interval Training

Incorporate at least one high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session per week, choosing a form that can be done safely and intensely (e.g., 4x4 protocol, 1-minute all-out sprints with 30-second rest).

7. Resistance Training: Time Under Tension

Integrate time under tension (TUT) into resistance training by emphasizing slow, controlled movements and continuous muscle contraction throughout sets to enhance nerve-to-muscle pathways and promote brain-benefiting molecular release.

8. Prevent Injury, Avoid Detraining

Prioritize injury prevention in your exercise routine, as not training for 10 days or more can lead to significant decrements in brain oxygenation and overall brain health.

9. Boost Learning with Arousal

Significantly improve learning and memory by increasing autonomic arousal (e.g., through exercise or cold exposure) either during or, especially, after being exposed to new material.

10. Time Exercise for Learning

To enhance brain health and performance for learning, schedule exercise either before, during, or after periods when you are trying to learn new information.

11. Exercise for Energy & Focus

When feeling tired, engage in exercise to naturally boost energy and focus by deploying adrenaline and norepinephrine through specific neural pathways.

12. Acute Brain Boost: Sprint or Cardio

For immediate improvements in brain performance (e.g., memory, cognitive flexibility), perform six 6-second max sprints on a stationary bike with 1-minute rest between, or do 20-30 minutes of steady-state cardiovascular exercise.

13. Avoid Over-Training Before Cognition

Be cautious not to overdo high-intensity interval training or intense resistance training, especially if you need to perform demanding cognitive tasks afterward, as multiple sessions can diminish cognitive performance.

14. Engage in Regular Therapy

Engage in regular therapy, considering it as important as physical exercise, to gain emotional support, directed guidance, and useful insights for personal and professional life.

15. Optimize Sleep with Custom Mattress

Improve sleep quality by using a mattress customized to your unique sleep needs, considering factors like softness, firmness, and breathability.

16. Utilize Comprehensive Lab Testing

Use Function Health for comprehensive lab testing (blood, urine, saliva) of over 100 biomarkers to gain insights into heart health, hormone status, metabolic function, and more, with doctor-informed analysis.

17. Incorporate High-Protein Snacks

Use David protein bars as a convenient, high-quality snack to meet daily protein goals (28g protein, 150 calories, 0g sugar) without excess calories, especially between meals or when in a rush.

18. Consume Quality Red Meat

Incorporate Maui Nui Venison, a nutrient-dense, wild-harvested red meat, into your diet to easily meet daily high-quality protein goals without excess calories, supporting muscle and overall health.

19. Supplement Daily with AG1

Take AG1 daily, a vitamin, mineral, and probiotic drink, to support mental and physical health and performance, especially considering its latest formula upgrade for digestive and immune system health.

20. Access Foundational Fitness Protocol

Utilize the free Foundational Fitness Protocol available at hubermanlab.com/newsletter for a general template of a weekly exercise program, including cardiovascular and resistance training, to guide your fitness journey.

21. Subscribe to Neural Network Newsletter

Subscribe to the free monthly Neural Network newsletter at hubermanlab.com for podcast summaries and actionable protocols on topics like sleep, dopamine regulation, and deliberate cold/heat exposure.

22. Pre-order Protocols Book

Pre-order ‘Protocols, An Operating Manual for the Human Body’ at protocolsbook.com to access actionable steps for improving sleep, motivation, creativity, gut microbiome, nutrition, exercise, and stress modulation.