← Huberman Lab

How to Optimize Your Water Quality & Intake for Health

Episode 114 Mar 6, 2023 2h 17m 27 insights
In this episode, I discuss our body’s most vital and essential nutrient—water. I explain the structure of water and how it is used by the cells and tissues of our body, how much water we each need to drink and when in order to optimize our mental focus and physical performance; and I include how exercise, humidity, heat, and caffeine affect our hydration needs. I explain how temperature and pH influence water’s physical properties and if there is any scientific basis for drinking so-called “pH water” or “alkalized water” to improve health. I explain how to test your tap water for contaminants (e.g., endocrine disruptors) and the documented problems with fluoride in drinking water. I provide options for filtering drinking water and describe different water types (e.g., reverse osmosis, hydrogen-enriched, electrolyzed reduced, deuterium depleted, etc.). Since the human body is mostly water (55-80% depending on one’s age) and water has essential roles in health, disease and cellular function, everyone ought to benefit from understanding how best to clean our tap water, hydrate effectively and in some cases, adjust the type of water we drink to allow our brain and body to function optimally in regard to health and performance. For recommended water filters, tests and the full show notes, please visit hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Maintain Daytime Hydration Baseline

Consume an average of 8 ounces (240 ml) of fluid per hour for the first 10 hours after waking to ensure sufficient baseline hydration for optimal cognitive and physical performance.

2. Calculate Exercise Fluid Needs

During exercise, calculate your fluid intake by dividing your body weight in pounds by 30 to get the number of ounces to consume every 15-20 minutes, or use 2 ml of water per kilogram of body weight for the metric system.

3. Increase Hydration in Heat

If exercising in a hot environment or sweating profusely, increase your fluid intake during exercise by 50-100% beyond the standard calculation to prevent dehydration.

4. Hydrate During Sauna Use

While in a hot sauna, consume at least 8-16 ounces (240-500 ml) of fluid for every 20-30 minutes to counteract significant fluid loss from sweating.

5. Offset Caffeine with Water

For every volume of caffeinated beverage consumed, drink 2-to-1 non-caffeine fluid (e.g., 12-16 oz for 6-8 oz of coffee), ideally with electrolytes, to offset its diuretic effects and prevent dehydration.

6. Reduce Nighttime Urination

To reduce waking up to urinate, ensure sufficient daytime hydration, then limit evening fluid intake to 5-8 ounces or less after 10 hours post-waking, and sip rather than gulp beverages.

7. Analyze Your Tap Water

Research your local tap water quality online by entering your zip code to understand its composition, particularly focusing on fluoride levels and disinfection byproducts, as these can negatively impact health.

8. Filter Tap Water for Fluoride

Filter all tap water to remove fluoride and disinfection byproducts, as even low levels of fluoride (0.5 mg/L) can disrupt thyroid function, and basic carbon filters may not remove sufficient fluoride.

9. Clean Faucet Filters Regularly

Regularly clean the mesh filter at your faucet head, as it can accumulate debris and contaminants that affect water quality.

10. Consider Water Hardness

Opt for water with higher magnesium and calcium content (hard water), ideally 8.3-19.4 mg/L of magnesium, as it is associated with better cardiovascular health and a more favorable pH.

11. Zero-Cost Water Decanting

If filtration isn’t an option, draw tap water into an uncapped container, let it sit at room temperature for at least half a day for sediment to drop and some contaminants to evaporate, then pour off and consume the top two-thirds.

12. Don’t Boil to Decontaminate

Avoid relying solely on boiling tap water for decontamination, as some contaminants can be made worse by heating; instead, use filtration systems.

13. Optimize Cold Exposure for Mood

Engage in deliberate cold exposure (cold showers or immersion) to increase dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, leading to long-lasting improvements in mood and focus throughout the day.

14. Strategic Cold Exposure Timing

Avoid cold water immersion within six hours after strength or hypertrophy training, as it can block muscle adaptation; however, cold showers do not appear to have this effect, and cold exposure is fine before training or after endurance work.

15. Cold Immersion for Fat Loss

For potential fat loss, especially abdominal fat, try one 2-minute cold water immersion (3°C/37.5°F) per week, combined with five 30-second cold showers (10°C/50°F) weekly.

16. Ease Into Cold Exposure

If new to deliberate cold exposure, gradually ease into colder temperatures over a week or so, starting with warmer cold water (e.g., 50°F) to adapt to the shock.

17. Natural Warm-Up Post-Cold

After deliberate cold exposure, warm up naturally for at least 10 minutes by staying out of hot showers or saunas, allowing your body to use its own metabolic abilities to generate heat.

18. Target Brown Fat in Cold Showers

During cold showers, direct the water to your head, back of the neck, and upper back, which are areas where brown fat stores are concentrated, to trigger increased metabolism.

19. Start Day with Electrolytes

Dissolve one packet of an electrolyte drink (like Element, containing sodium, magnesium, potassium without sugar) in 16-32 ounces of water and drink it first thing in the morning to support optimal brain and body function.

20. Electrolytes During Exercise

Consume an electrolyte drink dissolved in water during physical exercise to maintain proper hydration and support the vital functioning of all body cells, especially neurons.

21. Prioritize Higher pH Water

Consume water with a higher pH (7.4 or above), as it is absorbed more readily across aquaporin channels in the gut, leading to more efficient hydration and potentially reduced inflammation.

22. Consider Hydrogen-Enriched Water

If your tap water lacks sufficient magnesium, consider using molecular hydrogen tablets (magnesium tablets designed for water) to create hydrogen-enriched water, which elevates pH for better absorption and can reduce inflammation.

23. Consume Hydrogen Water Promptly

If using molecular hydrogen tablets, consume the water within 5-15 minutes after the tablet fully dissolves to maximize the benefits of the free hydrogen.

24. Use Hydrogen Tablets Safely

Only use specialized molecular hydrogen tablets for water, not regular magnesium supplements, and avoid adding them to carbonated or hot liquids, limiting use to 1-3 times daily.

25. Avoid Distilled Water Consumption

Do not regularly drink distilled water, as it has magnesium and calcium removed, which are beneficial minerals for health.

26. Choose Water Temperature by Preference

Drink water at your preferred temperature, as while very cold water may be absorbed slower and feel like it’s sloshing, the overall impact on absorption rate is not a major concern compared to personal preference.

27. Structured Water Lacks Evidence

There is currently no peer-reviewed scientific evidence to support claims that ingesting structured water leads to specific desired biological outcomes or is superior to non-structured water.