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How to Enhance Your Gut Microbiome for Brain & Overall Health

Episode 61 Feb 28, 2022 1h 49m 19 insights
In this episode, I discuss the profound effect the gut has on the nervous system. I cover the structure and function of the gut-brain axis and the role of the gut microbiome in the brain and overall health. I describe how the gut controls hunger or satiety by affecting neurons in our brain. I also contrast the many pathways by which the gut influences the brain: direct vs. indirect pathways, chemical vs. mechanical, and fast vs. slow signaling. Additionally, I discuss what defines a healthy microbiome and how your lifestyle impacts the gut microbiome, including the effects of stress, fasting, antibiotics, pets, environment, prebiotics and probiotics. I address how different foods shape the gut microbiome, in particular, the emerging data that fermented foods can increase the diversity of healthy gut microbiota. Throughout the episode, I explain peer-reviewed and textbook findings that reveal the critical role of the gut microbiome in supporting mental and physical health and I outline simple tools that anyone can use in order to enhance their gut microbiome health. For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Master Foundational Health

Prioritize foundational health habits including consistent deep sleep (80%+ of the time), proper hydration, proper social interactions, proper nutrition, and limiting excessive prolonged stressors, as these are critical for overall health and directly impact the gut-brain axis.

2. Limit Chronic Stress

Actively limit and manage excessive, prolonged stress, as it can negatively disrupt the gut microbiome and impact overall well-being.

3. Increase Fermented Food Intake

Consistently ingest 4-6 servings or more per day of low-sugar fermented foods (e.g., plain yogurt, kimchi, sauerkraut, kefir, natto, brine) to significantly increase microbiome diversity and decrease inflammatory signals and activity in the brain and body, with benefits improving with consistent long-term intake.

4. Choose Live Culture Ferments

When purchasing fermented foods, ensure they contain ’live active cultures’ by checking labels and buying from refrigerated sections, as non-refrigerated or highly processed options may lack the beneficial microbiota.

5. DIY Fermented Foods

To make consuming large quantities of beneficial fermented foods more cost-effective, consider making your own low-sugar options like sauerkraut (following a specific protocol, such as the one in Tim Ferriss’s ‘Four Hour Chef’) or kombucha from a SCOBY.

6. Distribute Fermented Food Intake

Spread the consumption of fermented foods throughout the day rather than eating them all at once to limit gastric distress and optimize benefits.

7. Recognize Gut-Brain Influence

Cultivate awareness that subconscious gut-brain signaling, not just rational thought, heavily influences food cravings and other behaviors, providing a ‘wedge’ for behavioral insight and control.

8. Support Gut Microbiota Health

Actively support the microbiota in your gut, as healthy populations profoundly influence immune system function, brain function (by producing neurotransmitters like GABA, dopamine, and serotonin), and digestion, enhancing mood and well-being.

9. Cautious Antibiotic Prescription

Exercise caution with antibiotic prescriptions, especially for children, as early life antibiotic treatment can detrimentally impact the establishment of a healthy, diverse gut microbiome.

10. Consistent Low-Dose Probiotics

Consider augmenting your diet with low to moderate levels of quality probiotics and/or prebiotics on a consistent basis to improve microbiota diversity and maintain a healthy gut microbiome.

11. Targeted High-Dose Probiotics

Use higher doses of prebiotics or probiotics when under severe chronic stress, recovering from illness, after antibiotic rounds, during excessive travel, or when sleep-deprived or diet is radically changed, to help replenish depleted microbial diversity.

12. Increase Fiber for Digestion

Increase your fiber intake to enhance your gut’s capacity to digest complex carbohydrates, as this leads to an increase in fiber-digesting enzymes, improving the utilization and digestion of fiber over time.

13. Morning Electrolyte Hydration

Dissolve one packet of Element (electrolytes) in 16-32 ounces of water and drink it first thing in the morning to ensure proper hydration and adequate electrolytes, which are critical for optimal brain and body function and nerve cell activity.

14. Electrolytes During Exercise

Drink Element dissolved in water during any physical exercise to maintain proper hydration and adequate electrolytes, essential for cognitive and physical performance.

15. Supplement Vitamin D3 & K2

Supplement with Vitamin D3 and K2, as D3 is essential for various aspects of brain and body health (many are deficient even with sun exposure), and K2 is important for cardiovascular function and calcium regulation.

16. Daily Athletic Greens Intake

Consider taking Athletic Greens once or twice a day to cover basic nutritional needs, make up for potential deficiencies, and provide probiotics vital for microbiome health.

17. Utilize Waking Up App

Use the Waking Up app for meditation, yoga nidra, or non-sleep deep rest (NSDR) sessions to explore different mental states and restore cognitive and physical energy, even with short 10-minute sessions.

18. Artificial Sweetener Caution

Be aware that animal studies suggest large amounts of artificial sweeteners (e.g., saccharine, sucralose) can disrupt the gut microbiome, though human data is currently inconclusive, which may influence individual choices.

19. Consult Physician Always

Always consult a physician before adding or removing anything from your nutritional plan or supplementation plan to ensure safety and appropriateness for your individual health needs.