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How Genes Shape Your Risk Taking & Morals | Dr. Kathryn Paige Harden

Feb 9, 2026 2h 42m 13 insights
Dr. Kathryn Paige Harden, PhD, is a psychologist, behavioral geneticist and professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Austin. We discuss how genes interact with your upbringing to shape your level of risk-taking and morality. We also discuss how genes shape propensity for addiction and impulsivity in males versus females. Finally, we discuss how biology impacts societal views of sinning, punishment and forgiveness. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com. Pre-order Protocols: https://go.hubermanlab.com/protocols
Actionable Insights

1. Prioritize Reward Over Punishment

To effectively shape behavior in children, animals, or even in the criminal justice system, focus on rewarding desired behaviors rather than solely punishing undesired ones. Harsh punishment is generally less effective and can even worsen behavior, while providing opportunities for rewards within a structured environment is more successful.

2. Separate Blame from Accountability

When someone acts irresponsibly, hold them accountable for their actions without immediately resorting to harsh punishment or making them suffer. Instead, focus on creating an environment that encourages reflection, growth, and future behavioral change.

3. Establish Clear Boundaries

Implement clear consequences and boundaries for behavior in parenting and other social contexts, framing them as opportunities for growth and safety rather than solely punitive measures. This approach helps individuals understand expectations and develop better future conduct.

4. Focus on Future Behavior

When reflecting on past actions or regrets, shift focus from self-blame to identifying what needs to be done better in the future. Also, consider what actions are necessary to ensure others feel safe and secure around you going forward.

5. Navigate Rescue-Blame Trap

Understand that while ‘bad luck’ or circumstances may contribute to behavior, it does not negate personal responsibility. Hold individuals accountable without necessarily resorting to harsh punishment, focusing instead on constructive ways to address actions and ensure future safety.

6. Tailor Parenting to Child

As a parent, observe and understand your child’s unique temperament and personality, recognizing that risks (e.g., cannabis use) may differ between children. Use this knowledge to inform and shape their environment in a way that best supports their individual development.

7. Encourage Child Self-Reporting

Implement a rule where children are encouraged to report their own actions rather than tattling on siblings, and then focus discussions on future desired behaviors and collaborative solutions. This fosters personal responsibility and constructive conflict resolution.

8. Focus Energy on Local

To maintain emotional well-being and make a tangible difference, direct your energy and care towards local community actions rather than solely engaging with broader, often overwhelming, online discussions. This approach can feel more satisfying and effective.

9. Use Online Tools Wisely

Evaluate your use of online platforms and social media based on whether they facilitate real-life connections and actions. Prioritize engagement that enhances your real-world interactions and activities, and limit those that detract from them.

10. Avoid Genetic Essentialism

Do not interpret genetic information as defining your ‘deepest or truest self’ or as proof of inherent ‘badness’ or ‘brokenness.’ Recognize that human behavior is complex, influenced by many factors, and cannot be reduced to a single gene or phenotype.

11. Acknowledge Inherent Morality

Recognize that the human capacity for moral concern and the desire for fair treatment are deeply ingrained aspects of our nature, similar to fundamental drives like sexuality. This understanding can inform how we approach social interactions and justice.

12. View Each Child as Unique

Adopt the perspective that every child is ‘produced’ as a unique individual, rather than merely ‘reproduced’ as a copy of their parents. This mindset fosters an appreciation for the unpredictability and distinct identity of each offspring.

13. Practice Deliberate Ignorance

Consider practicing ‘deliberate ignorance’ by choosing not to engage with negative or unhelpful information, such as online comments, to protect your mental well-being. This can be a conscious choice to avoid information that doesn’t serve you.