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Health Effects & Risks of Kratom, Opioids & Other Natural Occurring Medicines | Dr. Chris McCurdy

Episode 238 Jul 21, 2025 2h 44m 12 insights
My guest is Dr. Chris McCurdy, PhD, FAAPS, professor of medicinal chemistry at the University of Florida and a world expert on the pharmacology of kratom and other plant-derived medicinal compounds. We discuss kratom’s wide-ranging effects, including its use for boosting energy, enhancing mood, managing pain and as a potential opioid substitute, while also explaining its critical safety concerns and addictive potential, especially for kratom-derived/isolate products. We also discuss plant-based compounds more generally for their potential benefits and risks. Dr. McCurdy offers a balanced perspective on kratom and other plant-based and naturally occurring medicinal compounds, highlighting and contrasting their promise for human health with potential serious risks. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Avoid 7-Hydroxy Kratom Isolates

Strictly avoid Kratom products labeled as ‘7-hydroxy mitragynine,’ ‘kratom derived,’ or ‘isolates.’ Research indicates these semi-synthetic compounds can cause respiratory depression equivalent to opioids, posing a significant risk to public safety.

2. No Kratom for Young Brains

Individuals under 24-25 years old should avoid Kratom products entirely, as their brains are still developing. The long-term impact of Kratom on brain development is unknown, and psychoactive substances can slow development and potentially lower IQ.

3. Check Kratom Serving Size

Always carefully check the serving size and total servings per container for any Kratom product. Highly concentrated products, especially liquids, can lead to much greater and faster exposure to compounds, increasing the risk of adverse effects if multiple servings are consumed at once.

4. Distinguish Kratom Product Forms

Understand the difference between traditional Kratom leaf material, concentrates/extracts, and isolates/derivatives. Leaf material is closer to traditional use, while concentrates and isolates (like 7-hydroxy mitragynine) are significantly more potent and carry higher risks due to faster absorption and increased compound exposure.

5. Seek Professional Help for Kratom Withdrawal

If experiencing Kratom dependence or withdrawal, seek professional medical help. While opioid use disorder treatments like buprenorphine or Suboxone may be used, the complex pharmacology of Kratom means these might not address all aspects of dependence, and supportive treatment like counseling is also crucial.

6. Kratom: Less Is More

For those using Kratom leaf products, a common user recommendation is ’less is more.’ Lower amounts are often reported to provide more benefit (e.g., mood elevation, energy) without pushing towards sedative or euphoric effects, and may help manage tolerance.

7. Kratom Tolerance Development

Be aware that tolerance can develop to Kratom’s pain-relieving properties, leading users to take more to achieve the same effect. Increasing dosage heightens the risk of problems, including potential off-target effects.

8. Kratom for Opioid Transition

Kratom has shown effectiveness in helping some individuals transition off traditional opioid drugs and manage withdrawal symptoms, providing energy and improving mood. This should ideally be done under medical supervision due to the complexities of dependence and potential risks.

9. Kratom for Energy & Pain

Many users responsibly utilize Kratom leaf for energy, mood elevation, and pain treatment, often as an alternative to opioids. It can also be used as a pre-workout stimulant for endurance or a post-workout treatment for muscle pain.

10. Kratom Vein Colors: Marketing

The marketing terms ‘white vein,’ ‘red vein,’ ‘green vein,’ etc., for Kratom products primarily relate to how the leaves were cured or dried, not significant differences in alkaloid content. The perceived differences in effects may largely be a placebo effect.

11. Responsible Cacao Consumption

Raw cacao beans and 100% chocolate offer health benefits due to polyphenols and alkaloids like theobromine, which can provide subtle stimulation and mood lift. Ensure products are from a clean, ethically sourced origin to avoid heavy metals and support fair labor practices, and consume in moderation.

12. Coke Syrup for Nausea

Coca-Cola syrup (without carbonation) has historically been used in pharmacies as a safe and effective remedy for nausea and vomiting, particularly for pregnant women, due to its ability to calm and settle the GI tract, a benefit also reported with traditional coca tea.