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Goals Toolkit: How to Set & Achieve Your Goals

Episode 139 Aug 28, 2023 1h 32m 22 insights
In this episode, I describe science-based protocols to set and achieve your goals in a way that maximizes the likelihood of reaching them. I explain how to define a priority and reach a specific goal by systematically assessing the challenge level, measurability, milestones, and action states needed to make progress from start to finish. I also explain research-supported tools to improve your performance during cognitive or physical goal work — including directed visualization, variable reward timing, and optimizing your physical environment. I also dispel common myths about goal setting and achievement. This episode provides a science-supported toolkit of zero-cost strategies for goal-setting, goal-pursuit, and goal-completion that can be applied to any physical or cognitive endeavor. For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com. Use Ask Huberman Lab, our new AI-powered platform, for a summary, clips, and insights from this episode.
Actionable Insights

1. Focus on One Priority Goal

Select and define one priority goal to pursue at a time, setting aside other goal pursuits, as attempting many simultaneously often leads to failure.

2. Set Challenging, Slightly Out-of-Reach Goals

Choose a goal that feels challenging or ‘a bit out of reach’ because discomfort, frustration, and anxiety are necessary triggers for neuroplasticity and successful learning.

3. Handwrite Goals and Action Verbs

Write out your priority goal and the specific verb actions you will take to achieve it on paper with a pen or pencil, as this physically reinforces the goal in your nervous system.

4. Specify Actions and Time Commitment

Clearly define the specific verb actions (e.g., ‘run X miles,’ ‘attend Y classes’) and the exact amount of time you will spend on them weekly to pursue your priority goal.

5. Implement 12-Week Goal Cycles

Establish a 12-week (quarterly/three-month) cycle for focused goal pursuit, and within that, clearly define the specific hours per week, hours per day, and specific days you will work on the goal.

6. Quantify Actions for Nebulous Goals

For goals that are hard to quantify (e.g., writing a book), focus on precisely quantifying the amount of time spent on specific verb actions (e.g., ‘write 800 words/day,’ ‘practice for 2 hours/day’) rather than solely the end outcome.

7. Daily Outcome Visualization Strategy

Before starting daily work, assess your motivation: if motivated, visualize positive outcomes for 1-5 minutes; if unmotivated, visualize the negative feelings of failure for 1-5 minutes to kickstart action.

8. Narrow Visual Focus for Alertness

To increase focus, alertness, and motivation during a work block, pick a visual target (at an appropriate distance for your task) and maintain narrow visual focus on it for 30-90 seconds, repeating as needed.

9. Eliminate Phone Distractions

To enhance focus and productivity, turn your phone off or put it in airplane mode and remove it from your immediate vicinity during goal pursuit sessions.

10. Random Intermittent Self-Reinforcement

To sustain motivation long-term, use random intermittent reinforcement for milestones (e.g., flip a coin after a session to decide whether to self-reward), as consistent rewards diminish potency and motivation over time.

11. Address the ‘Middle Problem’

Acknowledge the ‘middle problem’ (decreased motivation in the middle of a session, week, or cycle) and overcome it by breaking the middle section into smaller, more achievable chunks, potentially incorporating visual target training or fear-based visualization.

12. Reframe Frustration as Progress

Reframe frustration and errors encountered during goal pursuit as indicators of progress and necessary gateways to neuroplasticity, which helps sustain effort.

13. Develop Intrinsic Motivation for Effort

Learn to derive pleasure from the effort process itself, enjoying the pursuit of a goal for its own sake rather than solely for external validation or proving others wrong, as this fosters powerful and sustainable motivation.

14. Keep Goals Private Initially

Avoid telling others about your goals before initiating action, as the positive feedback received can prematurely activate reward systems and diminish long-term motivation to pursue the goal.

15. Optimize Work with Circadian Rhythms

Schedule your most demanding goal pursuit sessions during your natural peaks in attention and motivation, which for most people occur 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 11 hours after waking.

16. Prioritize Action Over Perfection

While optimal timing exists, the most critical factor for goal achievement is simply ‘getting it done’ and engaging in the planned actions, even if it means working outside of ideal conditions or times.

17. Positive Outlook Boosts Energy

Cultivate a positive view of your past day’s accomplishments and your upcoming day’s pursuits, as this subjective outlook significantly impacts your feelings of energy and well-being, independent of sleep quality.

18. Utilize Strict Accountability Buddy

If seeking external accountability, choose one ‘accountability buddy’ who will strictly remind you or ask if you completed your tasks, rather than offering general positive feedback.

19. Daily Update Visual Goal Reminders

If using visual reminders for goals, update them daily (e.g., write a new sticky note, move it to a new location) to prevent your visual system from adapting and canceling them out.

20. Use Panoramic Vision for Eye Rest

When eyes feel fatigued during goal pursuit, switch to panoramic vision by relaxing your gaze and viewing a broad field (e.g., horizon outdoors, corners/sides of a room indoors) to alleviate eye strain.

21. Morning & Exercise Electrolyte Intake

Drink Element (electrolyte mix) in 16-32 oz of water first thing in the morning and during physical exercise to ensure adequate hydration and electrolytes for optimal brain and body function.

22. Utilize Waking Up App for Rest

Use the Waking Up app to engage in meditation, mindfulness training, yoga nidra, or NSDR sessions for varying durations to place your brain and body into different states and restore cognitive/physical energy.