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Essentials: The Science of Emotions & Relationships

Feb 6, 2025 42m 50s 12 insights
In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I discuss the biology of emotions and moods, focusing on how development and neurochemicals shape our feelings and relationships. I describe how early infant bonds and puberty shape adult patterns of emotional connection. I explain that understanding emotions requires recognizing both internal states and external cues, along with strategies to enhance your emotional awareness. Additionally, I discuss the key elements of healthy emotional bonds and provide practical tools to deepen one’s understanding of emotions, leading to a richer emotional life. Read the full episode show notes at hubermanlab.com. Huberman Lab Essentials are short episodes focused on essential science and protocol takeaways from past full-length Huberman Lab episodes. Watch or listen to the full-length episode at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠hubermanlab.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.
Actionable Insights

1. Reframe Emotion Conceptualization

Instead of viewing emotions as mere labels (e.g., happy, sad), conceptualize them as dynamic elements of the brain and body encompassing levels of alertness, interaction with the external world, and perception of your internal state, to better understand and regulate your emotional life.

2. Analyze Emotions by Three Axes

Understand your emotional state by assessing three axes: your level of autonomic arousal (alert to calm), your emotional valence (how good or bad you feel), and your attentional bias (how much you are focused internally vs. externally).

3. Dynamically Shift Attention Focus

Deliberately practice shifting your attention between internal (interoception) and external (exteroception) focus, or splitting it, to gain control over your attentional bias and manage emotional responses in different environments.

4. Practice Interoception

Close your eyes and concentrate on internal bodily sensations, such as points of contact, gut feelings, heart rate, and breathing cadence, to develop a heightened awareness of your internal state.

5. Practice Exteroception

Focus your attention purely on external stimuli in your immediate environment, such as a specific object across the room, to develop a heightened awareness of the outside world.

6. Engage in Regular Therapy

Consider regular therapy as an important component of overall health, on par with regular exercise, to gain support, guidance, and useful insights.

7. Pay Attention to Others’ Emotions

To form good social bonds, actively pay attention to the emotional states of others and evaluate for synchrony or a match between your states, rather than solely focusing on your own feelings.

8. Foster Bonds with Calm & Excitement

Cultivate healthy emotional bonds by balancing calm, soothing, touch-oriented, and eye-gazing interactions (driving serotonin, oxytocin) with exciting, adventurous activities (driving dopamine).

9. Use Mood Meter App

Utilize the Mood Meter app (developed at Yale) to add nuance to your emotional language, track your feelings, and predict future emotional states, helping you understand what you’re feeling and why.

10. Hydrate with Electrolytes Daily

Dissolve one packet of Element (electrolytes) in 16-32 ounces of water and drink it first thing in the morning, and also during physical exercise, especially on hot days, to ensure proper hydration and electrolyte balance.

11. Control Sleep Temperature

Program your mattress cover’s temperature to be cool at the beginning, even colder in the middle, and warm as you wake up to enhance slow-wave and REM sleep.

12. Reduce Snoring with Head Elevation

Use a mattress cover with snoring detection that automatically lifts your head a few degrees to improve airflow and stop snoring.