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Essentials: How to Set & Achieve Goals

Dec 18, 2025 37m 43s 9 insights
In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain how to use science-based tools to better set and achieve goals. I discuss the neuroscience of goal pursuit and how dopamine and visual attention shape motivation and effort. I explain whether visualizing success or failure better supports goal pursuit, how to choose goals at the right level of difficulty and evaluate progress. I also share a short “space-time bridging” protocol that helps train long-range, goal-directed behavior. These tools will help you stay motivated and reach goals more effectively. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Practice Space-Time Bridging

Engage in a daily or semi-daily practice of “space-time bridging” by deliberately shifting your visual and cognitive focus through a sequence of stations (internal, body surface, near, far, broad, then back internal) to cultivate flexibility in orienting your reward systems to different locations in space and time, which is the essence of goal-directed behavior.

2. Set Moderately Challenging Goals

Choose goals that are challenging but realistic—just outside your immediate abilities—as these “moderate” goals are most effective in recruiting the necessary physiological and psychological readiness for sustained pursuit and achievement, increasing the likelihood of ongoing pursuit.

3. Narrow Visual Focus for Readiness

To initiate goal pursuit, fix your visual attention on a single point beyond your immediate reach (e.g., a goal line, a point on a wall) for 30 to 60 seconds, holding it steady to activate neural circuits that increase blood pressure and adrenaline, preparing your body for action with less perceived effort and quicker achievement.

4. Plan Concrete Actions

Develop a clear and specific set of actions that you will follow to move towards and ultimately reach your goals, as this provides the necessary structure for execution.

5. Assess Goal Progress Weekly

Regularly check in on your progress, ideally at the end of each week, to assess how well you performed towards your goals, which helps re-up dopamine and provides a state of motivation to continue your pursuit.

6. Define Ultimate Goal Milestones

Clearly identify your long-term ultimate goal and then define intermediate milestones, along with a schedule for assessing progress and rewards, to effectively navigate the path to achievement.

7. Visualize Success Initially

Use visualization of the “big win” or desired outcome at the very beginning of a goal pursuit, and perhaps intermittently, to help get the process started, but recognize it is not effective for maintaining ongoing action.

8. Leverage Dopamine for Milestones

Understand that dopamine is released most for unexpected positive events and drops when anticipated rewards don’t materialize; use this knowledge to strategically place milestones and assess progress to keep the dopamine system engaged and motivation high.

9. Prioritize Behavioral Tools

Prioritize using behavioral tools, such as harnessing your visual system, over supplementation or chemical tools because behavioral practices used over time engage neuroplasticity, making you better at focus and motivation.