← Huberman Lab

Control Your Vagus Nerve to Improve Mood, Alertness & Neuroplasticity

Episode 234 Jun 23, 2025 1h 52m 15 insights
In this episode I explain how your vagus nerve—an extensive neural pathway linking your brain and body in both directions—powerfully regulates your mood, digestion, alertness and even certain food cravings, and I explain how you can activate certain vagus nerve pathways to improve your heart rate variability (HRV), a key marker of health and longevity. I also explain how to control vagal pathways to enhance your focus and alertness to improve learning and neuroplasticity. And I explain how your vagus nerve controls levels of serotonin in both your gut and brain, impacting your mood and emotional resilience and how to keep that pathway robust. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.
Actionable Insights

1. Physiological Sigh for Rapid Calm

Perform a physiological sigh by taking two inhales through the nose (first longer, second sharp) followed by a long, to-lungs-empty exhale through the mouth. This is the fastest way to activate the parasympathetic nervous system and shift the autonomic nervous system towards calm by adjusting the carbon dioxide-oxygen ratio and decelerating heart rate.

2. Extended Exhales for HRV

Throughout the day, deliberately extend your exhale 10-20 times, anytime it occurs to you, to pump the brake on your heart rate. This strengthens the vagal pathway, increasing heart rate variability (HRV) during both wakefulness and sleep, and improving auto-regulation.

3. Physical Activity for Alertness

Engage in physical activity involving large muscles (legs, trunk), such as jumping, resistance training (6 reps or less near failure), or sprinting. This releases adrenaline, which activates the vagus nerve to increase brain alertness, motivation, and focus, helping overcome lethargy and brain fog.

4. Exercise for Enhanced Neuroplasticity

Schedule cognitive learning sessions (e.g., language, piano) in the one to four hours after high-intensity exercise that leaves you energized but not exhausted. This stimulates the vagus nerve to release norepinephrine (alertness) and acetylcholine (focus), which are crucial triggers for adult neuroplasticity and learning.

5. Diet for Gut-Brain Serotonin

Ingest one to four servings of low-sugar fermented foods daily and ensure sufficient dietary tryptophan intake (e.g., dairy, white turkey meat). This promotes healthy gut microbiota, which produce short-chain fatty acids essential for converting tryptophan into gut serotonin, signaling via the vagus nerve to stimulate serotonin release in the brain for mood and well-being.

6. Extended “H” Hum for Relaxation

Hum by extending the “h” sound (e.g., “hhhhhmmmm”) to create a deep vibration that moves from the back of the throat down into the chest and diaphragm. This mechanically activates specific vagus nerve branches, driving a parasympathetic response and slowing heart rate for deep relaxation.

7. Roca Red Lens Glasses for Sleep

Wear Roca red lens glasses in the evening after sundown to filter out short wavelength light from screens and LED lights. This ensures normal, healthy increases in melatonin and low cortisol levels, aiding calm and improving the transition to sleep.

8. AG1 for Daily Health

Take AG1 daily, a vitamin, mineral, probiotic drink with prebiotics and adaptogens. It improves energy, focus, and overall health, supporting digestive and immune system health, bowel regularity, and reducing bloating.

9. Element for Hydration & Performance

Dissolve one packet of Element (electrolytes without sugar) in 16-32 ounces of water upon waking and during physical exercise, especially on hot days. This ensures adequate hydration and essential electrolytes (sodium, magnesium, potassium) for optimal brain and body function.

10. Function Health for Lab Insights

Utilize Function Health for comprehensive lab testing of over 100 biomarkers. This provides insights into heart, hormone, immune, and nutrient health, as well as toxin levels, with analysis and recommendations from expert doctors.

11. Juve Red Light Therapy

Use a Juve whole body panel three to four times a week and a handheld light at home and while traveling. Red and near-infrared light have positive effects on cellular and organ health, including faster muscle recovery, improved skin health, reduced pain, and enhanced mitochondrial function.

12. Neck Stretch for Calm

Sit with elbows on a table, push them down and away from your ears, then turn your head up and to the right, then up and to the left, feeling a stretch on the side of your neck. This mechanically activates some vagus nerve fibers, potentially leading to a calmer state.

13. Gargling for Calm

Gargle to activate the calming aspects of the vagus nerve. When gargling, you use the back of your throat, creating vibrations that stimulate vagal pathways.

14. Probiotic & Magnesium for Mood

Consider supplementing with a quality probiotic, magnesium orotate, and coenzyme Q10. A clinical trial showed this combination could improve symptoms of major depression in the short term by supporting gut microbiome and serotonin production.

15. Rubbing Ear for Minor Calm

Gently rub behind the ear or the area right outside the ear hole with a little pressure. This activates a minor sensory branch of the vagus nerve, conveying mechanical pressure to the brainstem for a slight calming effect.