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Why Allergies Are On The Rise with Professor Theresa MacPhail #374

Jun 27, 2023 2h 33m 18 insights
Pollen counts are rising and more of us are experiencing hay fever symptoms than ever before. From airborne allergens to the food on our plates or the chemicals and plants that touch our skin, around 40% of the global population has some form of allergic disease. By 2030, today’s guest reveals, 50% of us will be affected. Professor Theresa MacPhail is a medical anthropologist and writer, who made it her life’s work to understand more about allergy after her father died following a bee sting. Her book Allergic: How Our Immune System Reacts To A Changing World, is a detailed, enlightening look at the history of allergies and their growth in line with the industrial revolution. Why are allergies on the rise? Why is it that 200 years ago allergies barely existed, yet today they are in our pets and farm animals? We talk about what actually happens to cause the release of histamine - which is responsible for many of our allergic symptoms. Theresa also covers the main historical theories as to the cause of allergies from the ‘hygiene hypothesis’ to the ‘farmhouse effect’ and the ‘old friends theory’. What we do know is that allergies occur in the interaction between humans and our environment. Our environment has changed so much over the past 200 years and our immune systems simply cannot keep up. Theresa explains the body’s three main barriers to infection and allergy – our skin, respiratory system and gut. When these barriers are damaged, they become more porous and can let unwanted molecules into our bodies – causing infection, inflammation, or allergy. And what’s damaging them is things like air pollution, diesel fumes, chemicals, antibiotics, to name just a few. We cover the practical steps we can take to mitigate allergies but there are much wider societal issues that need addressing as well. Theresa explains that we are part of a bigger ecosystem - our bodies are continually making decisions on what they can tolerate and what they can’t. We can try our best to build up our own barriers to tolerate more of the modern environment but the uncomfortable truth is that we collectively have a lot more to do to protect each other and the natural world. This is a deep dive into a very important topic. My hope is that anyone suffering from allergies will feel seen, and anyone lucky enough not to, will gain more empathy and understanding. I hope you enjoy listening. *Please note that this conversation refers to studies on mice. Support the podcast and enjoy Ad-Free episodes. Try on Apple Podcasts https://apple.co/feelbetterlivemore. For other podcast platforms go to https://fblm.supercast.com. Thanks to our
Actionable Insights

1. Prioritize Whole, Fresh Foods

Focus on consuming whole, fresh, and diverse foods, including cruciferous vegetables and potato skins, while reducing ultra-processed food intake. This supports a healthy gut microbiome by providing essential fiber and nutrients.

2. Manage Stress Levels

Actively manage stress through techniques like meditation, breathing exercises, or journaling. High stress can negatively impact your immune system, alter microbiomes, and exacerbate allergic symptoms.

3. Optimize Vitamin D Levels

Spend more time outdoors in sunlight to naturally increase vitamin D levels. Optimal vitamin D is correlated with better immune function and can positively impact allergies.

4. Prioritize Quality Sleep

Make sleep a priority, as sufficient rest is crucial for immune system function and can reduce irritation and symptom severity associated with allergies.

5. Limit Unnecessary Antibiotics

Be cautious with antibiotic use, especially in children under two, as frequent doses can dramatically alter the gut microbiome and increase the risk of allergic disease. Always ask your doctor “what happens if I do nothing?” for mild illnesses.

6. Reconsider Antacid Use

Be aware that antacids and PPIs can alter your gut microbiome and reduce stomach acid, potentially leading to food proteins being absorbed intact and triggering immune responses. Discuss alternatives with your doctor.

7. Simplify Skin & Home Products

Reduce the number of products and ingredients you apply to your skin and use in your home, opting for simpler, less toxic, and more natural alternatives to support your microbiomes. This includes showering less frequently, changing sheets every other week, and hand washing dishes.

8. Exercise in Cleaner Air

When engaging in physical activity outdoors, choose locations like parks or forests and consider times when air pollution levels are lower to minimize exposure to irritants.

9. Introduce Pets Early

If feasible, allowing children to grow up with a pet like a dog before the age of three can introduce beneficial bacteria, potentially leading to lower rates of allergies.

10. Plant Native Species

When gardening, consider planting species native to your natural landscape to avoid introducing non-native plants that could contribute to new or increased allergen exposure.

11. Reframe View of Microbes

Shift your mindset to recognize that not all microbes are harmful; many are beneficial and essential for your health, moving beyond the “all germs are enemies” perspective.

12. Avoid Food Allergy Triggers

For diagnosed food allergies, the primary and most effective strategy is strict avoidance of known triggers to prevent allergic reactions.

13. Use Targeted Allergy Relief

For symptom relief, consider newer antihistamines that cause less drowsiness or use targeted treatments like nasal sprays or allergic eye drops to address histamine reactions locally.

14. Consider Allergy Immunotherapy

For severe allergies, discuss immunotherapy with your doctor, which involves gradually exposing your body to small amounts of an allergen to build tolerance and reduce the severity of accidental exposures.

15. Practice Yoga for Asthma

Consider practicing yoga to calm the immune system and learn breathing techniques, which can help manage asthma attacks and reduce overall stress.

16. Support Early Life Microbiome

Recognize the importance of early life exposures, such as vaginal birth and breastfeeding, for seeding and nourishing a healthy gut microbiome, which is crucial for immune system training.

17. Parents Manage Their Stress

Parents of children with severe allergies should actively manage their own stress levels, as the emotional burden can be significant and impact the family’s overall well-being.

18. Consider Organic Produce

Be aware that pesticides on fruits and vegetables introduce chemicals that your body may not have evolved to handle, suggesting a preference for produce with fewer chemical exposures.