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The Real Cause of Belly Fat, How To Fix Your Metabolism & Why Your Liver Is More Important Than You Think with Professor Robert Lustig #432

Mar 6, 2024 2h 3m 22 insights
Twenty percent of obese people are in metabolically great health. Meanwhile sixty percent of supposedly ‘healthy’ weight people are metabolically unwell and at risk of a host of chronic diseases. With this in mind, do we need to change our thinking about what ‘being fat’ really means? Today, I’m thrilled to welcome back Dr Robert Lustig, a leading public health authority who for many years has been trying to expose the truth behind the food industry and the many myths within modern medicine. Rob is Professor Emeritus of Paediatrics, Division of Endocrinology at the University of California, San Francisco He is the author of multiple books including Metabolical: The Truth About Processed Food and How it Poisons People and the Planet.   Robert first came onto my podcast back on episode 251 when we took a deep dive into what happens inside our bodies when we consume excess sugar. In today’s conversation, we do touch again on the impact of sugar on human health but the main focus is on the three different sites in the body where we deposit fat: subcutaneous (which you can see and feel); visceral (stress-related fat around the middle), and liver fat. It’s only the first of these that you’re likely to notice on the scales – but it’s the latter two, says Rob, that really determine your health. We talk about why it’s stress not food that largely drives dangerous visceral - the fat that surrounds our organs - and Rob’s view that chronic stress underpins metabolic, mental, global and planetary health. We also discuss how a minimally processed, wholefood diet can mitigate stress and weight gain why he’s not a fan of fructose, nor the glycaemic index why he thinks that continuous glucose monitors (CGM) can help the general population, not just those with diabetes why the liver may well be the body’s most important organ when it comes to metabolic health, and some of the key tests we can do to assess our own liver health And we also talk about alcohol, fruit, honey and many more topics that will help you make empowered decisions for you and your family’s health.   Rob’s work has changed many people’s lives around the world and his message deserves to be heard loud and clear. He is knowledgeable, passionate and someone who is not afraid to say what he thinks. I always enjoy talking to him, I hope you enjoy listening. Support the podcast and enjoy Ad-Free episodes. Try FREE for 7 days on Apple Podcasts https://apple.co/feelbetterlivemore. For other podcast platforms go to https://fblm.supercast.com. Thanks to our
Actionable Insights

1. Eat Real Food (No Label)

Prioritize eating “real food” that comes from the ground or animals that ate from the ground, as these foods typically do not have a label. This indicates they haven’t been processed in ways that make them unhealthy, contributing to growth and burning (energy utilization).

2. Mitigate Stress for Visceral Fat

Understand that stress, not food, largely drives dangerous visceral fat, which surrounds organs and determines health. Prioritize stress mitigation strategies to reduce this type of fat.

3. Avoid Ultra-Processed Foods

Avoid ultra-processed foods as they hinder gut microbes from producing serotonin and can divert tryptophan, impairing a critical “brake” on the brain’s stress center (amygdala). This contributes to metabolic and mental health issues.

4. Practice Mindfulness for Metabolic Health

Engage in mindfulness-based stress reduction, such as meditation or yoga, as studies show it can reduce visceral fat and waist circumference, and improve insulin sensitivity. This helps mitigate chronic stress, a primary factor in metabolic and mental health.

5. Eat Minimally Processed Whole Foods

Adopt a minimally processed whole food diet to help mitigate both stress and weight gain, supporting overall metabolic and mental health. This approach aligns with eating real food and avoiding ultra-processed items.

6. Maintain Mitochondrial Integrity

Protect your mitochondria from toxins and overwhelming nutrients to prevent metabolic dysfunction, cellular damage, and fatigue. Maintaining mitochondrial integrity is paramount for efficient energy conversion and overall health.

7. Protect Liver from Toxins

Protect your liver by limiting fructose and alcohol intake, and being aware of heavy metal exposure, as these toxins can lead to liver fat accumulation and metabolic dysfunction. A healthy liver is crucial for overall body function and metabolism.

8. Consume Antioxidant-Rich Foods

Consume foods rich in antioxidants, particularly fruits and vegetables, to help clear reactive oxygen species (ROSs) that cause cellular damage and contribute to metabolic syndrome pathology. Ultra-processed foods are poor in these essential compounds.

9. Eat Whole Fruit, Not Juice

Eat whole fruit for its beneficial fiber and antioxidants, which help mitigate the fructose content and feed your gut microbiome. Avoid fruit juice as it lacks fiber, leading to a large fructose load hitting your liver.

10. Avoid Chronic Sleep Deprivation

Recognize that chronic sleep deprivation is a significant stressor on the body, leading to cortisol rise and negatively impacting metabolic health. Prioritize adequate sleep to reduce this chronic stressor.

11. Choose Relaxing Movement Over Intense Cardio

If under chronic stress, consider replacing intense cardio with more relaxing movement like yoga, as intense exercise can add to the body’s stress load. Relaxing movement can help reduce visceral fat and improve insulin sensitivity.

12. Prioritize Liver and Visceral Fat Health

Focus health efforts on the state of your liver and visceral fat, as these are the critical determinants of health, not total body weight or visible subcutaneous fat.

13. Monitor ALT Levels Annually

Get an annual ALT blood test to assess liver health, aiming for an upper limit of 25 (or 20 for African-Americans) rather than the commonly stated 40. This helps interpret your liver health accurately, as current “normal” ranges are inflated.

14. Monitor Waist Circumference

Regularly measure your waist circumference as a simple indicator of potential liver fat accumulation; for example, over 40 inches for males and 35 inches for females may suggest a liver problem. Tracking this over time can indicate what might be going on inside.

15. Treat Dessert as Occasional

Consume sugary treats only as an occasional dessert, not as a regular part of breakfast, lunch, or snacks. Many processed foods contain hidden sugars, making multiple meals “desserts” and contributing to excess sugar intake.

16. Beware “Zero Trans Fat” Labels

Be cautious of food labels claiming “zero trans fats,” as products can contain up to 0.49 grams per serving and still round down. Consuming small amounts from multiple sources can quickly reach cardiovascularly toxic levels (2 grams/day).

17. Limit Excess Branched-Chain Amino Acids

Limit excess intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) if you are not actively building muscle, as unused BCAAs are converted into liver fat. This contributes to metabolic dysfunction.

18. Choose Grass-Fed Meats

Opt for grass-fed beef, chicken, and fish over corn-fed varieties, as grass-fed options contain fewer branched-chain amino acids. This can help prevent liver fat accumulation if consumed in excess without muscle building.

19. Understand Individual Food Responses

Observe and learn how your body responds to specific foods, as individual metabolic responses vary greatly. This personalized knowledge is crucial for optimizing your health and identifying “problem foods.”

20. Use Continuous Glucose Monitors

Consider using continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) to understand your body’s individual response to specific foods and prevent diabetes. This tool provides information to maintain glucose homeostasis and functioning mitochondria.

21. Address Trauma for Safety

Address adverse childhood experiences and traumas, as these stresses can methylate oxytocin receptors, hindering the feeling of safety and contributing to chronic threat perception. This helps restore a critical “brake” on the amygdala.

22. Use PERFACT.co for Food Choices

Utilize the PERFACT.co online tool (currently for the US) to filter foods based on your metabolic status and avoid metabolically unhealthy items. This helps consumers make informed grocery choices.