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The New Science of Eating Well with Professor Tim Spector #350

Apr 4, 2023 2h 6m 20 insights
Professor Tim Spector rarely eats bananas these days. He treats a glass of fruit juice as he would a can of cola. And, despite having to watch his blood pressure, he no longer restricts the salt he adds to food. Controversial views? Perhaps, if heard out of context. But, as Tim explains in this episode of my Feel Better Live More podcast, these are just a few examples of new thinking he has adopted on certain foods, since discovering his own, personal metabolic response to them.   Tim was my first-ever guest, five and a half years ago, and I’m pleased he’s returning for his fourth conversation. And if you've heard the previous three conversations, there is plenty of new information in this conversation. And if this is your first time listening to me talking with Tim, I think you are in for a treat. Tim is an award-winning scientist, professor of genetics and author of four fantastic books, each of which challenge commonly accepted views about food, weight and health. He’s Head of the Department of Twin Research at King’s College London, and, as Director of the British Gut Project, a world-leader when it comes to gut microbiome studies. Tim’s latest book Food For Life: The New Science Of Eating Well is his most thorough yet In this conversation, we talk about a health technology called CGM (which stands for continuous glucose monitors) and touch on what Tim has learned from using them. We talk through the biology of blood sugar spikes and why it's not the odd spike here and there that's problematic but regular ones that can lead to health issues, such as chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. We also discuss Tim's views on calorie counting, the role that exercise plays in health and weight loss and Tim’s view on the concept that food is medicine. We both reflect on what a transformative difference it would make if more patients were offered nutrition advice as a first line of treatment. I think one of the things I respect the most about Tim is his willingness to change his mind and his views in public. I think it helps all of us be more open minded and less stuck in our ways. I always enjoy sitting down with Tim, this is an enlightening thought provoking, and I hope inspiring conversation. I hope you enjoy listening.  Support the podcast and enjoy Ad-Free episodes. Apple Podcasts https://apple.co/feelbetterlivemore or https://fblm.supercast.com. Thanks to our
Actionable Insights

1. Embrace Food as Medicine

Recognize that food is a powerful tool for health, capable of reducing chronic diseases by up to 70% at a population level, and can significantly improve outcomes, such as nearly doubling the success rate of certain cancer treatments. This perspective acknowledges food’s profound impact on gut microbes and immune systems, making it as effective as many drugs.

2. Personalize Your Nutrition Advice

Understand that nutrition advice is highly individual, depending on your specific goals and stage of life. What is healthy for one person may not be as beneficial for another, making a personalized approach essential for effective health management.

3. Prioritize Food Quality Over Calories

Shift your focus from calorie counting to the quality of the food you consume, as good quality food is far more important for satiety and overall health. Obsessing over calories can be a distraction from the true nutritional value and long-term impact of your diet.

4. Eliminate Ultra-Processed Foods

Make cutting out ultra-processed foods your number one priority for improving health, especially if you have blood pressure concerns. These foods are identified as the primary problem, with salt being just one component of their overall negative impact.

5. Adopt Whole Food Diet Kickstart

For chronic disease patients, consider switching to a completely whole food, unprocessed diet for two to three weeks to observe significant health improvements. This intervention can powerfully demonstrate how food choices affect day-to-day health and empower individuals.

6. Rethink Exercise for Weight Loss

Understand that exercise is one of the least effective methods for weight loss, with trials showing modest or no effects, though it can help reduce weight regain after initial loss. Instead, prioritize exercise for its vast benefits to mental health, cancer prevention, heart disease, and overall well-being.

7. Ensure Dietary Changes are Sustainable

Before adopting any dietary intervention, critically assess if you can sustain it for the rest of your life, as short-term changes often lead to a rebound. If a change is unrealistic or unenjoyable, find an alternative approach that you can consistently maintain.

8. Address Root Causes of Symptoms

Recognize that symptoms like afternoon energy dips or hunger are often responses to underlying issues, such as breakfast or lunch choices, rather than inherent needs for stimulants. By addressing the root cause, you can stabilize energy and cognition, reducing compensatory behaviors.

9. Change Your First Meal

If you choose to consume breakfast, make it a meal that promotes stable blood sugar, as this can remarkably reduce subsequent hunger and compensatory behaviors throughout the day. This foundational meal choice has a significant ripple effect on your daily energy and mental state.

10. Reduce Regular Blood Sugar Spikes

Understand that consistent, high blood sugar peaks, not occasional ones, are problematic, leading to chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and increased risk of heart disease and potentially cancers. Aim to minimize these regular spikes to protect your long-term health.

11. Increase Plant Diversity & Potassium

Maximize the diversity of plants you eat, aiming for 30 different types a week, to naturally increase your potassium intake. This strategy is shown to have a significant positive effect on lowering blood pressure, often three times greater than simply reducing salt.

12. Treat Fruit Juice as Treat

View fruit juice, even freshly squeezed, as a rare treat rather than a health drink, as it can cause blood sugar spikes similar to cola due to its lack of fiber. Opt for eating whole oranges instead to benefit from their fiber content and avoid the highly processed nature of most commercial juices.

13. Personalize Your Salt Intake

Recognize that individual responses to salt vary significantly, with some people being highly salt-sensitive (e.g., those with high blood pressure or African origins) and others much less so. If you have high blood pressure, self-experiment by monitoring your blood pressure daily for a couple of weeks on a low-salt diet to determine your personal sensitivity.

14. Consider Potassium Salt Substitutes

If you struggle to reduce salt or find it ineffective for blood pressure, consider using potassium chloride salt substitutes, which have shown a three times greater effect on blood pressure reduction in trials. This can be a pragmatic swap for those who find it difficult to consume many plants.

15. Use Continuous Glucose Monitors

Utilize CGMs to understand your personal metabolic response to different foods and quantities, helping you become more in tune with your body’s reactions. While not universally accessible, this technology can provide valuable insights into managing blood sugar spikes.

16. Incorporate Daily Micro-Movement

Integrate small, frequent movements into your daily routine, such as fidgeting your feet at your desk or taking short stair breaks every 20 minutes. These ’exercise snacks’ can significantly reduce sugar spikes and contribute to overall physical activity without requiring a formal workout.

17. Don’t Obsess Over Single Foods

Avoid becoming overly fixated on the health status of any single food, as a holistic view of your overall diet is more important. While some foods may not be ideal for daily consumption due to personalized responses, most proper foods can be enjoyed occasionally or paired with other beneficial items.

18. Be Open to Changing Views

Cultivate an open-minded approach to nutrition and health, being willing to change your views as new scientific evidence emerges. Treating nutrition as a dynamic science rather than a fixed religion allows for continuous learning and adaptation.

19. Choose Parboiled Rice for Nutrients

Opt for parboiled rice varieties, such as Uncle Ben’s, as they are considered among the healthiest in terms of nutrient content because the parboiling process seals in many nutrients. This can be a surprising but beneficial choice for rice consumption.

20. Rinse White Rice for Starch

When preparing white rice, rinse it three times before cooking to remove excess starch, which may help alter its blood sugar profile. This traditional cooking method can be a simple way to modify your rice consumption.