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How Smartphones Are Rewiring Our Brains, Why Social Media is Eradicating Childhood & The Truth About The Mental Health Epidemic with Jonathan Haidt #456

May 28, 2024 2h 4m 25 insights
Today’s episode is about a topic that I am truly passionate about - the introduction of social media and smartphones into all aspects of our lives - and what impact this is having on us individually, collectively and, perhaps most urgently, what impact is this having on our children.   Jonathan Haidt is arguably one of the worlds’ most eminent psychologists. He is a Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York University’s Stern School of Business and the author of 4 best-selling books, including his latest The Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness.   In this episode, Jonathan and I explore how the fundamental differences between online and real-world interactions are affecting young people's social, emotional and cognitive development. We discuss why girls face unique risks on social media, from damaged relationships and reputations to harassment, and how gaming and pornography are shaping boys' expectations of relationships. Jonathan also shares some eye-opening data about the link between a decline in teen mental health and the widespread adoption of smartphones and social media. He emphasises the need for collective action to create healthier norms around technology use, both at home and in schools. We dive into practical strategies for parents, including setting clear boundaries and prioritising hobbies and family time. Our conversation also touches on the challenges of navigating technology use in a world where the pace of change has been so fast. Jonathan remains optimistic that we're nearing a tipping point and outlines four key norms we can all adopt with our children—even if they’re already dependent on their phones throughout the day. We also discuss in detail what we believe schools could be doing to help their students have less screen time and the importance of collaborating with other families to support healthier habits. As a parent and a doctor, I'm deeply concerned about the mental health crisis facing our children and young people. But if, as a society, we can come together to raise awareness and take purposeful action, we can create a healthier future for the next generation. I think this is one of the most important conversations that I have ever had on my podcast. Jonathan and I both believe that the rewiring of our children’s brains to be one of the most urgent societal harms that needs addressing.  My hope is that you find this conversation eye opening, enlightening and thought provoking - and I very much hope it prompts you to take action. Buy tickets for my stage tour https://drchatterjee.com/tour Thanks to our
Actionable Insights

1. Delay Smartphone Acquisition

Do not give children a smartphone before the end of secondary school (around age 16-18). This prevents early exposure to harmful effects during critical brain development stages.

2. Prohibit Social Media Use

Ensure children do not use social media platforms until at least age 16. This protects adolescents from platforms designed to exploit insecurities and cause mental health harm.

3. Implement Phone-Free Schools

Advocate for and support schools in implementing phone-free policies, requiring students to lock up their devices in special lockers during the school day. This eliminates classroom distractions, improves learning, and supports student mental health.

4. Foster Free Play & Independence

Provide children with significantly more unsupervised free play, independence, and real-world responsibilities. This is essential for proper brain wiring, social development, and cultivating a sense of purpose.

5. Collaborate with Other Parents

Team up with a few other families to collectively delay smartphone adoption and support healthier digital habits. This reduces social pressure on individual children and makes it much easier for parents to implement these changes.

6. Frame as Play-Based Childhood

Approach the reduction of screen time by focusing on giving your child a ‘play-based childhood’ rather than just ’taking away the phone-based childhood.’ This positive framing makes the transition and implementation easier for both parents and children.

7. Prioritize Real-World Interactions

Emphasize and facilitate real-world interactions that are embodied, synchronous, one-to-one or one-to-several, and rooted in stable communities. These types of interactions are crucial for healthy human social development and brain wiring.

8. Anchor in Real-World Community

Ensure children are rooted in stable, real-world communities such as family, school, or religious groups. This provides a vital sense of belonging and stability for healthy social development.

9. Proactively Reduce Online Time

Actively help children and families reduce the time they spend online, particularly on social media. Clinical observations show that this can lead to significant improvements in children’s mental health.

10. Turn Off Device Notifications

Disable almost all notifications on children’s devices to prevent constant interruptions. This protects their attention and reduces the compulsive urge to check their phones.

11. Avoid Phones as Crutches

Resist the urge to use phones as a crutch to make things easy or to entertain children. Children need to strive and struggle with difficulties to grow and learn, and making everything easy hinders their development.

12. Consider Flip Phones

Provide children with a basic flip phone for essential communication instead of a smartphone. This allows them to reach you or be reached while making casual, distracting use difficult.

13. Supervise Internet Access

Place internet-accessible computers, such as a desktop, in public areas of the home like the living room or kitchen. This allows for necessary internet use while ensuring supervision and preventing unmonitored access to harmful content.

14. No Devices in Bedrooms

Prevent children from taking any devices into their bedrooms at night, especially unmonitored ones. Unmonitored nighttime device use is a primary source of problematic interactions, exposure to harmful content, and sleep disruption.

15. Establish Clear Device Rules

Implement clear rules and expectations for device usage at home, such as designated ’no-phone’ zones or specific screen-free times. This sets a consistent framework for healthy device habits, even if not perfectly followed.

16. Adopt Authoritative Parenting

Avoid drifting into permissive parenting; instead, adopt an authoritative parenting style. This involves setting clear rules and boundaries while also explaining them and being flexible when appropriate, which is crucial for children’s well-being.

17. Prioritize Family Time & Meals

Foster strong family grounding by prioritizing ample family time and regular communal meals. This builds stability, security, and resilience in children, providing a strong foundation for their development.

18. Increase Time with Relatives

Intentionally encourage children to spend more time with relatives, such as aunts, uncles, and grandparents. This helps cultivate a strong sense of family, tradition, and community, which children are naturally hungry for.

19. Assign Chores & Responsibilities

Give children errands, chores, and responsibilities within the family. This helps them feel useful, proud, and contributes to their sense of value and purpose, countering feelings of uselessness from excessive screen time.

20. Reduce Classroom Technology

Schools should reduce or eliminate personal technology like laptops, Chromebooks, and tablets from classrooms. These devices are significant distractions that hinder learning and academic attainment.

21. Pen-and-Paper in Primary School

Establish primary schools as environments focused on pen-and-paper learning, with no personal screens for students. This helps to establish healthy habits early and provides a more human childhood experience.

22. Avoid Screen-Based Homework

Schools should avoid requiring homework to be completed on screens, especially in the evenings. Screen-based homework interferes with circadian biology and sleep, promotes distraction, and undermines parental efforts to limit screen time.

23. Offer Non-Screen Homework Options

Schools should offer non-screen-based homework options or provide clear guidelines to avoid screen time close to bedtime. This addresses concerns about sleep disruption and excessive evening screen exposure.

24. Re-evaluate Tech for Education

Schools should critically re-evaluate the use of technology in education, prioritizing genuine educational and developmental benefits over administrative convenience. Much technology was adopted for ease, not proven student well-being.

25. Intervene in Problematic Patterns

Intervene to disrupt problematic digital patterns, even if a child is in their late teens or early 20s. The brain retains considerable plasticity during these years, offering hope for change and improvement.