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Eating for Longevity with Professor Valter Longo #55

Mar 27, 2019 1h 6m 20 insights
What do we need to eat in order to live a long and healthy life? World-leading researcher in longevity, Professor Valter Longo, shares his views on diet and nutrition in this week’s episode. We discuss high protein diets, ketogenic diets and the concept of a low carb diet. Valter believes that we have over-simplified nutrition by looking at macronutrients in isolation - carbohydrates, fats and proteins – but in actual fact, we need all of these in our diets. And just as there are ‘good’ fats and ‘bad’ fats - some that we should be eating more of and others less of, the same is true of carbohydrates. Finally, Valter talks about fasting and his novel approach to research whereby he takes ancient knowledge and wisdom and marries it up with the latest science. This is the approach he used when formulating the fasting mimicking diet (FMD), a five-day plan that causes the body to go into fasting mode. Valter talks about the amazing benefits the diet - such as reducing visceral fat and abdominal fat. Although it hasn’t been proven in humans yet, it has been shown to reduce fatty liver, insulin resistance and even improve some autoimmune conditions in mice. This is a really eye-opening conversation – I hope you enjoy it!
Actionable Insights

1. Implement Daily 12-Hour Fast

Practice a 12-hour daily eating window (e.g., 8 am to 8 pm) followed by a 12-hour fast, as this is an excellent choice for health. Avoid extending daily fasting beyond 12 hours, as it can lead to sleep and metabolic problems.

2. Adopt Pescetarian-Based Diet

Follow a mostly pescetarian diet, drawing inspiration from the food traditions of your ancestors, to optimize health and longevity.

3. Prioritize Quality Carbohydrates

Ensure approximately 60% of your daily calories come from carbohydrates, primarily from nutrient-rich legumes and vegetables, for optimal longevity and health. Consume starches like pasta, bread, or rice in moderation, limiting to about 50-70 grams per day to avoid effects similar to high sugar intake.

4. Avoid Saturated Animal Fats

Steer clear of saturated animal fats, as they are generally considered detrimental and are not associated with long-term health or longevity in centenarian populations.

5. Incorporate Healthy Fats Daily

Include healthy fats such as olive oil and nuts in your diet, aiming for approximately 30% of your daily calories from these sources, as they are commonly consumed by long-lived populations.

6. Optimize Protein Intake by Age

For most adults, aim for 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight daily; however, if you are 70-80 years old, increase this to 1 gram per kilogram and maintain a healthy weight to prevent sarcopenia and frailty.

7. Avoid Continuous Ketogenic Diets

Refrain from following continuous high-fat, high-protein diets (often misinterpreted as ketogenic diets) as they are linked to earlier death, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, with little data supporting long-term benefits.

8. Engage in Regular Exercise

Commit to at least 150 minutes of exercise per week to optimize your overall health and contribute to longevity.

9. Consider Fasting Mimicking Diet

Explore the five-day fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), such as Prolon, as a periodic protocol to reduce visceral fat, improve insulin resistance, and potentially promote stem cell regeneration, offering benefits similar to water-only fasting but with greater safety.

10. FMD Frequency for Healthy Adults

If you are young, healthy, and maintain a good diet with regular exercise, consider undertaking the fasting-mimicking diet once a year for maintenance and to periodically clear cellular ‘junk’.

11. FMD for Metabolic Health Issues

If you are obese, have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or metabolic syndrome, consider doing the FMD once a month for three cycles under doctoral supervision to achieve significant health improvements like reduced systemic inflammation. After initial cycles, transition to maintenance (e.g., once every four months), adjusting frequency based on health status and lifestyle.

12. FMD Safety & Medical Supervision

Do not undertake water-only fasting on your own, and avoid the FMD after age 70 without geriatrician supervision, as these powerful interventions require careful medical guidance to prevent harm. Always read Prolon’s disclaimers and ‘Is Prolon Right For Me’ section before starting.

13. Prepare for FMD Protocol

For your first few FMD cycles, choose a time when you are on vacation or have less strenuous work, especially if your job is physically demanding, and avoid strenuous exercise during the protocol to prevent adverse effects like low blood sugar. Prioritize rest and relaxation during the five days.

14. Transition Slowly Post-FMD

Follow a 24-hour transition period back to your normal diet after completing the FMD to allow your gut to rebuild and prevent putting excessive pressure on your intestine.

15. Reduce Meal Frequency for Weight

If you are overweight or obese, reduce your daily meal frequency from five or six meals to two meals plus one snack (e.g., breakfast and lunch plus a snack, or breakfast and dinner plus a snack) to aid in weight management.

16. Critically Evaluate Health Claims

Adopt a critical approach to health and dietary recommendations by considering multiple sources of evidence, including epidemiological data, clinical trials, observations from centenarian populations, and basic scientific research, rather than relying on single-pillar strategies.

17. Embrace Unlearning for Growth

Be willing to ‘unlearn’ previously held beliefs or knowledge, especially in complex fields like health and science, to overcome limiting perspectives and enable new breakthroughs or personal progress.

18. Consider Daily Nutritional Supplement

If your busy, modern life makes it difficult to get all your nutrition from food, consider taking a nutrient-dense whole food supplement, such as Athletic Greens, each morning as an ‘insurance policy’ to meet your nutritional needs.

19. Address Personal Stressors

Identify and actively work to overcome the stressors in your own life, as modern living is highly stressful and stress is toxic to most organ systems, impacting overall health and longevity.

20. Support Podcast for More Content

Support the podcast by leaving a review, sharing episodes on social media, or telling friends and family about the show to help spread valuable health information.