← The Peter Attia Drive

#39 - Ted Schaeffer, M.D., Ph.D.: How to catch, treat, and survive prostate cancer

Feb 4, 2019 2h 31m 16 insights
<p>In this episode, Ted Schaeffer, Professor and Chair of the Department of Urology at Northwestern (youngest chairman in the country), presents the roadmap for the best way to screen for, and treat, prostate cancer. We also get into the "mass screening" controversy and all the risks involved with treatment. In addition, we discuss our evolving understanding of cancer and the most exciting areas of research to come. </p> <p>We discuss:</p> <ul> <li>Ted's unique path to get his PhD [5:15];</li> <li>The exciting transition in science during Ted's PhD in the 1990s [15:30];</li> <li>Ted's advice to MD-PhD students, and why he choose urology and Johns Hopkins [23:45];</li> <li>History of prostate surgery, and Pat Walsh's legendary work in prostate cancer [36:15];</li> <li>Prostate surgery and the risks involved with treatment [53:00];</li> <li>Screening for prostate cancer [58:00];</li> <li>The "mass screening" controversy [1:12:45];</li> <li>Biopsies and MRI: important things to know [1:25:30];</li> <li>Why urology such a great field of medicine, and why Peter wants a goat [1:34:45];</li> <li>Ted's work with Ben Stiller [1:39:00];</li> <li>Gleason grading system [1:43:45];</li> <li>Testosterone, DHT and the prostate cancer controversy [1:53:15];</li> <li>The metabolism of the prostate [2:03:00];</li> <li>The most exciting areas of research in prostate cancer [2:08:00];</li> <li>Benign issues involving the prostate: pelvic pain, infections and treatments [2:11:15];</li> <li>Video of Ted's surgeries, the latest technology, and males contraceptive options [2:18:00];</li> <li>Watches and cars [2:23:30]; and</li> <li>More.</li> </ul> <p> <span> Learn more at <a href="http://www.peterattiamd.com/"><span><u>www.PeterAttiaMD.com</u></span></a></span></p> <p> <span>Connect with Peter on <a href=""> <span> <u>Facebook</u></span></a> | <a href=""> <span> <u>Twitter</u></span></a> | <a href=""> <span> <u>Instagram</u></span></a>.</span></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Shared Prostate Cancer Screening

Discuss prostate cancer screening with your physician as a shared decision-making process, as there is no universal formal recommendation and stopping aggressive screening has led to a rise in advanced disease.

2. Utilize 4K Score/PHI Test

Consider using the 4K score or Prostate Health Index (PHI) test to assess the percentile chance of having high-grade, aggressive prostate cancer, as these tests help discriminate between cancerous and benign cells.

3. High-Quality Prostate MRI

If undergoing a prostate MRI, ensure it is a multi-parametric MRI with high-quality diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) performed and interpreted by skilled professionals, as DWI is the most important parameter.

4. Prostate Biopsy Decision Algorithm

Follow an algorithm where a biopsy is recommended for abnormal MRIs or negative MRIs with high PSA density (>0.15), but may not be needed for negative MRIs with low PSA density, which can reduce unnecessary biopsies.

5. Genetic Testing for Metastatic PCa

If diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer, consider genetic testing for DNA damage repair pathway mutations (e.g., BRCA1/2, ATM), as these mutations are enriched and may indicate sensitivity to PARP inhibitors.

6. Physiologic Testosterone Replacement & PCa

Physiologic testosterone replacement therapy is not clearly shown to accelerate or cause prostate cancer development, and aggressive tumors often have low androgen output.

7. Manage Non-Bacterial Prostatitis

If experiencing non-bacterial prostatitis (chronic pelvic pain syndrome), focus on managing symptoms and adjusting risk factors like constipation, as antibiotics may not be necessary for inflammation without infection.

8. Prostatic Massage for Inflammation

For non-bacterial prostatitis, a prostatic massage may help alleviate symptoms by reducing inflammation, potentially providing relief without antibiotics.

9. Targeted Antibiotics for Recurrent Infection

If experiencing recurrent bacterial prostate infections, discuss direct antibiotic injections into the prostate or seminal vesicles with your urologist, as these areas can harbor persistent bacteria.

10. MD-PhD Clinical Experience

MD-PhD students should do clinical time before their PhD to gain a practical understanding of important clinical questions and the human condition, which can inform their research.

11. Continuous Professional Learning

Establish a regular ‘adult only’ journal club with colleagues (medonks, radonks, urologists) to review new research articles in your field and related specialties, fostering continuous learning and staying current.

12. Only Order Actionable Medical Tests

Do not order a medical test unless you know what you will do with the results and how they will alter your management plan for the patient.

13. Explore New Opportunities

Never walk by an open door without looking inside; view new opportunities as exploration rather than risk to foster personal and professional growth.

14. Vasectomy and Sperm Banking

If considering a vasectomy, consider sperm banking beforehand, and ensure a skilled professional performs the procedure, as reversal rates are high with good technique.

15. Practice Safe Sex

Use protection (e.g., condoms) for safe sex, not just for contraception, especially if dating, to prevent sexually transmitted infections.

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