← The Peter Attia Drive

#34 - Sam Harris, Ph.D.: The transformative power of mindfulness

Dec 20, 2018 2h 43m 20 insights
<p>In this episode, Sam Harris, neuroscientist, author, and host of the Waking Up Podcast, walks us through the profound, yet practical, ways that meditation can transform our lives. Additionally, he helps to define the types of meditation and clarifies potential misconceptions with terms like happiness, pain, and suffering.</p> <p>We discuss:</p> <ul> <li>The transformative moment that led to Peter reaching out to Sam [3:45];</li> <li>Comparing the two broad types of meditation, and Peter's favorite meditation apps [7:45];</li> <li>The pleasure of a concentrated mind, meditating with pain, and the difference between pain and suffering [13:15];</li> <li>What it means to be happy, and how to break out of our default state [23:15];</li> <li>The disease of distraction, why humans suffer, the limitation of happiness, and letting go of anger with mindfulness [31:00];</li> <li>The challenge of learning mindfulness, the benefit of silent retreats, and Sam's first experience in solitude as a teenager [54:15];</li> <li>Sam's life-altering experience with MDMA [1:03:00];</li> <li>Mettā meditation a.k.a. loving-kindness, and the concept of 'moral luck' [1:14:00];</li> <li>Overcoming grief and dread with meditation [1:34:45];</li> <li>The wrong way to practice mindfulness, and the difference between Vipassana and Dzogchen [1:44:45];</li> <li>Sam's commitment to never lie, honesty in politics, and Sam's viewpoint on the Trump phenomenon [2:06:00];</li> <li>Teaching kids to be more mindful [2:18:30];</li> <li>Sam's current book projects, the consequences of a politically correct environment, and the potential of neuroscience to cure psychopathy [2:25:30];</li> <li>How you can follow Sam's work [2:39:00]; and</li> <li>More.</li> </ul> <p> <span> Learn more at <a href="http://www.peterattiamd.com/"><span><u>www.PeterAttiaMD.com</u></span></a></span></p> <p> <span>Connect with Peter on <a href=""> <span> <u>Facebook</u></span></a> | <a href=""> <span> <u>Twitter</u></span></a> | <a href=""> <span> <u>Instagram</u></span></a>.</span></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Cultivate Mindfulness Practice

Practice mindfulness meditation to break free from distracting thoughts and cultivate choiceless awareness of all experiences, starting with the breath and extending it to all moments. This is foundational for reducing unhappiness and suffering by clearly noticing what is arising.

2. Differentiate Pain from Suffering

Witness intensely negative sensations or emotions with equanimity, without reacting, resisting, or worrying about their duration. Recognize that suffering is often a reaction to pain, not the pain itself, allowing for a more balanced experience of difficult states.

3. Develop Metacognition

Cultivate awareness of your own thinking process to gain perspective on thoughts and emotions, preventing identification with them. This allows you to ‘pull the brakes’ on automatic emotional reactions and avoid being controlled by your thoughts.

4. Observe Negative Emotions

Recognize that negative emotions like anger or sadness have a short half-life when not fueled by rumination. By simply observing these emotions directly without getting lost in thoughts about their causes, they can dissipate quickly.

5. Commit to Radical Honesty

Make a commitment to be truthful in almost every situation (excluding self-defense) to simplify your life and build profound trust in relationships. This practice makes your positive feedback more meaningful and reduces interpersonal complexity.

6. Cultivate Universal Compassion (Metta)

Practice loving-kindness meditation by intentionally cultivating feelings of well-wishing and happiness, starting with loved ones, extending to neutral individuals, and eventually to those considered ’enemies.’ This fosters a default attitude of empathy and reduces envy.

7. Recognize Ego as Illusion

Explore non-dualistic consciousness (e.g., Dzogchen) by directly recognizing that the ego is an illusion and there is no fixed ‘center’ to awareness. Make this insight the continuous object of your mindfulness practice.

8. Reframe Expectations

Recognize that suffering often arises from the mismatch between expectations and reality, especially when anticipating negative events. Teaching this to children and applying it to oneself can significantly reduce wasted emotional energy.

9. Use Daily Life for Mindfulness

Integrate mindfulness into everyday activities like walking or driving in traffic by paying close attention to subtle sensations and observing self-important or reactive thoughts. This transforms mundane moments into opportunities for practice.

10. Seek Honest Feedback

Actively seek and value critical feedback from others, especially in creative or professional contexts, to identify flaws and genuinely improve. Prioritize honest critique over mere praise to achieve better outcomes.

11. Practice Empathy for Others

Approach challenging interpersonal situations (e.g., customer service, traffic incidents) with empathy, considering the potential struggles or circumstances of others. This mindset shift can alter your own negative reactions and interactions.

12. Understand Moral Luck

Reflect on the profound role of genetics, environment, and random chance in shaping individual lives and behaviors. Engaging in experiences like a prison visit or thought experiments can foster humility and compassion, reducing judgment.

13. Aim for Longer Retreats

If considering a meditation retreat, aim for at least a week to 10 days, as the initial days are often challenging. A longer duration increases the likelihood of surrendering to the practice and achieving a deeper, more transformative experience.

14. Teach Children Mindfulness

Introduce children to mindfulness meditation to help them develop early awareness of their emotional and thought lives. This can be a significant gain for their emotional intelligence and self-regulation.

15. Avoid Texting While Driving

Make a firm, non-negotiable decision to never text while driving, recognizing that the perceived urgency of messages is rarely worth the significant risk of tragic consequences. You will not regret delaying your response.

16. Craft Sincere Apologies

When apologizing, ensure sincerity and believability by demonstrating a clear understanding of the harm caused and a credible path of personal transformation. The apology must show how you’ve come to align with the perspective of those you’ve wronged.

17. Develop Concentration

Practice focusing attention on a single object (e.g., breath, mantra, sensation) to cultivate a highly concentrated mind. This can be intrinsically pleasurable and serves as a foundation for deeper meditative insights.

18. Reframe Frustration with Activities

When faced with frustrating situations like traffic delays, use them as opportunities to engage in enjoyable activities, such as listening to podcasts. This cognitive hack can positively modulate your emotional state.

19. Use Waking Up App

Utilize the ‘Waking Up’ meditation app as an essential tool for meditation practice, especially for those interested in mindfulness and self-awareness, as it provides guided instruction.

20. Engage with Podcast Content

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