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#294 ‒ Peak athletic performance: How to measure it and how to train for it from the coach of the most elite athletes on earth | Olav Aleksander Bu

Mar 18, 2024 2h 33m 23 insights
<p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/Olavaleksanderbu/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu&amp;utm_content=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu-podfeed"> View the Show Notes Page for This Episode</a></p> <p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/subscribe/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu&amp;utm_content=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu-podfeed"> Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content</a></p> <p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/newsletter/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu&amp;utm_content=230318-pod-Olavalexanderbu-podfeed"> Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter</a></p> <p>Olav Aleksander Bu is an internationally renowned sports scientist acclaimed for his coaching prowess with elite athletes spanning a diverse range of sports disciplines. In this episode, Olav delves deep into the intricacies of VO2 max and its profound impact on performance. They explore the relationship between VO2 max and ATP production, energy efficiency, and power, as well as the impact of low-intensity training on VO2 max. The conversation extends to Olav's experiences pushing the boundaries with high-performance athletes and the data driven interventions he uses to improve performance. They also dissect the role of lactate threshold, discuss other important metrics to track, and explore the exciting possibility of utilizing a portable VO2 testing device as a practical alternative to traditional lab-based assessments.</p> <p><strong>We discuss:</strong></p> <ul type="disc"> <li>Olav's background, expertise in exercise physiology, coaching experience, and interest in the extremes of human capability [4:15];</li> <li>The processes of energy conversion within the human body and its implications for performance [9:30];</li> <li>Improving movement efficiency, and the importance of mindfulness in training to optimize performance [20:00];</li> <li>The relationship between VO2 max, power output, and endurance performance in different sporting contexts [34:45];</li> <li>How VO2 max is measured in the lab, and why it's a crucial predictor of both lifespan and quality of life [44:45];</li> <li>Absolute vs relative VO2 max, the significance of functional threshold power in cycling, and the importance of longer duration tests for accurate assessments [54:00];</li> <li>Portable VO2 testing devices as a practical alternative to lab-based tests [1:05:15];</li> <li>The complexities of measuring ventilation and its impact on performance metrics like VO2 max and heart rate [1:15:45];</li> <li>Training interventions to increase VO2 max, and factors that impact performance outcomes [1:23:30];</li> <li>The respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and endurance sports, and how factors such as diet composition and exercise intensity influence RER values and performance [1:32:45];</li> <li>Science-guided training for versatile athletes: maximizing VO2 max, power, torque, and cadence in cycling, and the importance of incorporating diverse stimuli to enhance performance [1:41:00];</li> <li>Physiological limitations on VO2 max [2:02:15];</li> <li>The different energy systems used during work, and other things to monitor like VCO2 and heart rate [2:06:00];</li> <li>Lactate threshold and other metrics to guide your training [2:10:30];</li> <li>Analysis of a lactate power curve: exploring lactate dynamics in endurance training and performance [2:23:15]; and</li> <li>More.</li> </ul> <p>Connect With Peter on <a href="https://twitter.com/PeterAttiaMD">Twitter</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/peterattiamd/">Instagram</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/peterattiamd/">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8kGsMa0LygSX9nkBcBH1Sg">YouTube</a></p> <p> </p>
Actionable Insights

1. Prioritize Joy in Exercise

Focus on finding joy and a sense of achievement in your exercise routine, as this intrinsic motivation is the most important factor for consistent adherence and long-term engagement with physical activity.

2. Increase VO2 Max for Illness Reserve

Aim to increase your VO2 max to build a greater physiological reserve, which means a smaller fraction of your capacity is utilized during times of stress or illness, aiding in faster recovery and better health outcomes.

3. Prioritize Training Consistency

Emphasize consistency in your training over time, which often means leaving a little in reserve during individual workouts, as this sustainable approach is crucial for long-term progress and avoiding burnout.

4. Utilize Portable VO2 Max Device

Consider investing in a portable VO2 max unit like the VO2 Master for personal tracking, as it allows for accurate self-testing during workouts and can be a significant investment in understanding your physiology.

5. Maximize Accumulated High-Intensity Work

To increase VO2 max, focus on accumulating the maximum possible kilojoules of work at high power outputs during your training session, experimenting with interval durations and rest periods to optimize total high-intensity work rather than just peak power.

6. Practice Mindful Training at All Intensities

Treat all training intensities (low, medium, high) as ‘high quality’ and mindful workouts, as this allows you to use cognitive reserve at lower intensities to improve technique and self-awareness, which is not possible during high-intensity efforts.

7. Improve Mechanical Efficiency at Low Intensity

Engage in low-intensity workouts (e.g., 200 watts on a bike) to be mindful and cognitively present to your movement, allowing you to improve mechanical efficiency, such as optimizing your aerodynamic position (CDA).

8. Assess Performance with 60-Minute Power

Use your 60-minute power output as a robust and precise metric to describe your endurance capabilities, as it provides a clear measure of sustainable effort without confounding factors of shorter, more glycolytic efforts.

9. Avoid Short Power Tests for FTP

Do not rely on short-duration power tests (e.g., 8-10 minutes) to determine your Functional Threshold Power (FTP) if the goal is to assess sustainable aerobic capacity, as these efforts can be heavily influenced by glycolytic energy and misrepresent true endurance capabilities.

10. Strategically Rest Between Maximal Efforts

After a maximal VO2 max effort, allow for an adequate but not excessively long rest period (e.g., 10-15 minutes); this can prime your body to achieve an even higher VO2 max or power output in subsequent efforts within the same session.

11. Use Exhaustion Workouts Sparingly

Incorporate all-out exhaustion workouts very sparingly into your training program, as frequent use can hinder consistency and long-term progress.

12. Track Oxygen Consumption & Power

Track parameters like oxygen consumption and power output to understand and quantify how to improve your physical performance, viewing the human body as an engine with fuel and energy input.

13. Analyze Performance Improvement Drivers

Use data from power meters and calorimetry to analyze whether performance improvements are driven by biomechanical enhancements (e.g., better form) or biochemical efficiency (e.g., better energy conversion).

14. Iterate Training Based on Results

Continuously evaluate your training interventions; if something improves performance, do more of it, and if it doesn’t, investigate deeper or change your approach.

15. Get VO2 Max Lab Tested

Undergo a laboratory VO2 max test, which involves measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange during a graded exercise test, to accurately quantify your maximal aerobic capacity and overall physiological health.

16. Prioritize Absolute VO2 Max for Flat Courses

For performance in non-hilly races, prioritize increasing absolute VO2 max rather than solely focusing on relative VO2 max (per kilogram), as attempts to reduce weight for relative gains can sometimes decrease absolute VO2 max.

17. Use Progressive Power in VO2 Max Intervals

When performing VO2 max intervals, gradually increase your power output across sets, as this progressive approach can leverage a ‘priming effect’ in the body, potentially allowing for higher overall work accumulation.

18. Optimize Cadence for Training Goals

Experiment with different cadences (crank velocity) during cycling to target specific physiological systems; lower cadence (higher torque) stresses leg musculature and may increase CO2 production, while higher cadence (lower torque) places more demand on the cardiovascular system but can also increase total energy expenditure due to coordination costs.

19. Gauge VO2 Max with Heart Rate

Monitor your heart rate during high-intensity intervals as an indicator of how much time you are accumulating close to your VO2 max, as reaching VO2 max requires a very high heart rate and stroke volume to pump maximum oxygen.

20. Perform Lactate Threshold Testing

Conduct lactate threshold testing by performing repeated intervals at ascending effort, measuring lactate concentration at each step, and plotting it against pace to identify inflection points (LT1 and LT2) that indicate shifts in metabolic reliance.

21. Control Intensity with Lactate Thresholds

Utilize your individually determined lactate threshold inflection points (LT1 and LT2) as a method to control training intensity, guiding your effort to stay within sustainable zones or target specific physiological adaptations.

22. Avoid Fixed Lactate Training Zones

Do not rely on fixed blood lactate concentration values (e.g., 4 millimoles) to define training zones, as these values can be accumulated in various ways and are highly dependent on the specific exercise protocol, making them less reliable for individual intensity control.

23. Prioritize Shared Terminology Understanding

Focus on ensuring a shared understanding of training terminology between yourself and your coach, rather than strictly adhering to universal definitions, as effective communication and a system that works for you are most important for progress.