← The Peter Attia Drive

#235 ‒ Training principles for mass and strength, changing views on nutrition, creatine supplementation, and more | Layne Norton, Ph.D.

Dec 19, 2022 2h 48m 27 insights
<p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/laynenorton3/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=221219-pod-laynenorton3&amp;utm_content=221219-pod-laynenorton3-podfeed"> View the Show Notes Page for This Episode</a></p> <p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/subscribe/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=221219-pod-laynenorton3&amp;utm_content=221219-pod-laynenorton3-podfeed"> Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content</a></p> <p><a href="https://peterattiamd.com/newsletter/?utm_source=podcast-feed&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=221219-pod-laynenorton3&amp;utm_content=221219-pod-laynenorton3-podfeed"> Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter</a></p> <p>Layne Norton holds a Ph.D. in nutritional sciences and is a physique coach, natural bodybuilder and powerlifter, and two-time previous podcast guest. In this episode, Layne discusses his training as a powerlifter and shares training principles that non-powerlifters can apply to improve muscle strength and mass. Layne goes in-depth on creatine supplementation, including the benefits for lean mass and strength, and addresses the common arguments against its regular usage. Additionally, Layne touches on many areas of nutrition, including how his opinions have changed on certain topics. Layne also touches on the subjects of protein, fiber, and fat in the diet, as well as the different tools and dietary approaches for energy restriction.</p> <p><strong>We discuss:</strong></p> <ul type="disc"> <li>The sport of powerlifting and Layne's approach during competitions [2:30];</li> <li>Training for strength: advice for beginners and non-powerlifters [13:15];</li> <li>Low-rep training, compound movements, and more tips for the average person [23:15];</li> <li>How strength training supports longevity and quality of life: bone density, balance, and more [28:15];</li> <li>Peak capacity for strength as a person ages and variations in men and women [33:00];</li> <li>Effects of testosterone (endogenous and exogenous) on muscle gain in the short- and long-term [36:45];</li> <li>How Layne is prepping for his upcoming IPF World Masters Powerlifting competition [44:00];</li> <li>Creatine supplementation [54:30];</li> <li>How important is rep speed and time under tension? [1:05:30];</li> <li>Validity of super slow rep protocols, and the overall importance of doing any exercise [1:12:45];</li> <li>Navigating social media: advice for judging the quality of information from "experts" online [1:23:00];</li> <li>Layne's views on low-carb diets, the tribal nature of nutrition, and the importance of being able to change opinions [1:34:45];</li> <li>Where Layne has changed his views: LDL cholesterol, branched-chain amino acid supplementation, intermittent fasting, and more [1:42:00];</li> <li>The carnivore diet, elimination diets, and fruits and vegetables [1:55:15];</li> <li>Fiber: Layne's approach to fiber intake, sources of fiber, benefits, and more [2:00:15];</li> <li>Confusion around omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the Minnesota Coronary Experiment [2:05:00];</li> <li>Layne's views on fats in the diet [2:13:00];</li> <li>Flexible dieting, calorie tracking, and the benefits of tracking what you eat to understand your baseline [2:18:00];</li> <li>The nutritional demands of preparing for a bodybuilding show [2:30:45];</li> <li>The psychological effects of aging and changes to one's identity [2:42:00]; and</li> <li>More.</li> </ul> <p>Connect With Peter on <a href="https://twitter.com/PeterAttiaMD">Twitter</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/peterattiamd/">Instagram</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/peterattiamd/">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8kGsMa0LygSX9nkBcBH1Sg">YouTube</a></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Prioritize Strength for Longevity

Engage in strength training, even if you don’t aim to compete in powerlifting, as high strength is significantly associated with increased longevity and reduced all-cause mortality.

2. Implement Progressive Overload

Consistently challenge your muscles by gradually increasing weight, repetitions, or the number of hard sets over time. This fundamental principle is crucial for continuous strength and muscle growth.

3. Understand & Use RPE

Learn and apply the Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale (1-10, where 10 is max effort) to gauge your proximity to failure in lifts. Aim for RPE 7-8 (a few reps shy of failure) for most sets to maximize benefits while minimizing excessive fatigue.

4. Reframe Anxiety as Readiness

When feeling nervous or anxious before a challenging event, reframe it as a positive sign that your body is preparing for performance and that you deeply care about the outcome, rather than trying to suppress the feeling.

5. Listen to Your Body’s Pain

If a planned heavy lift or movement causes pain, modify it or choose an alternative movement or lighter weight that doesn’t trigger pain. This approach helps maintain adaptation and allows for consistent training without exacerbating injuries.

6. Consistency Over Perfection

Choose exercises and training methods you enjoy and can perform consistently, even if they are less technical or considered ‘sub-optimal.’ Adherence is the most important factor for long-term strength and lean body mass gains.

7. Consider Creatine Supplementation

Take 5 grams of creatine monohydrate daily as a safe and effective supplement to improve performance, increase lean mass, and potentially enhance cognitive function. There is no need to cycle off creatine, as continuous use maintains benefits.

8. Aim for Adequate Fiber

Target a daily fiber intake of approximately 15 grams per 1000 calories consumed, prioritizing whole food sources like riced cauliflower, broccoli, beans, apples, and berries. Popcorn can also be a good, filling fiber source.

9. Prioritize Morning Protein Intake

Ensure a minimum of 30 grams of protein in the morning, especially after a period of fasting. This helps support anabolism and overall daily protein goals.

10. Track Food for Awareness

For at least one week, track and weigh everything you eat without judgment to gain valuable insights into your actual calorie intake and portion sizes. This exercise is highly educational and often reveals significant underestimation of consumption.

11. Seek Nuanced Expert Advice

When seeking expert advice, look for individuals who speak with nuance, acknowledge uncertainty, and are comfortable saying ‘I don’t know.’ Be wary of those who use excessive superlatives or offer ’tips, tricks, and hacks’ for every topic.

12. Embrace Being Wrong

View being wrong about something as a valuable opportunity for improvement and growth. It allows you to learn and get better, rather than taking offense or feeling bad.

13. Vary Training for Adherence

Incorporate variety and periodization into your training, not just for potential physiological benefits, but also to prevent boredom and improve long-term adherence to your exercise routine.

14. Focus on Functional Movements

Prioritize exercises that mimic day-to-day functional movements (e.g., squats for sitting/standing, hinges for bending over) to improve quality of life and prevent falls as you age.

15. Strategic Post-Competition Recovery

After a competition, take time to train for fun and focus on accessory movements that don’t cause excessive wear and tear for several months. Gradually re-enter a building phase with increasing volume before ramping up heavy competition lifts.

16. Optimize Lifting Speed

For strength training, perform heavy lifts with maximum effort (which will naturally be slower), and follow with lighter back-off sets (RPE 4-5) moved as quickly as possible on the concentric phase to maximize force and minimize fatigue.

17. Super Slow Training for Beginners

For individuals highly resistant to exercise, a single 20-30 minute super slow resistance training workout per week (to failure, 90-105 seconds per set) is a viable option to build muscle, as it’s significantly better than doing nothing.

18. Avoid Rigid Food Rules

Do not create rigid ‘hard food rules’ in your diet, as they can contribute to disordered eating patterns and make moderation more difficult, potentially leading to binge eating.

19. Be Skeptical of ‘Hacks’

Be cautious of ’experts’ who offer quick ’tips, tricks, and hacks’ or use excessive superlatives, as this often indicates a lack of nuance and context in their advice.

20. Manage Arousal for Lifts

Between heavy lifting attempts, manage your arousal levels by taking 5 minutes to relax, then gradually amp up using music, mental imagery, visualization, and breath work to achieve a high heart rate (160-170 bpm) before the lift.

21. Strategic Meet Day Nutrition

For powerlifting meets with a 2-hour weigh-in, aim to be slightly under your weight class the day before to allow for sufficient calorie intake without feeling overly full on meet day. Consider Pedialyte or electrolytes for hydration.

22. Monitor LDL Cholesterol

Be conscious of your saturated fat intake and its impact on LDL cholesterol, recognizing that lifetime exposure to higher LDL is linearly associated with increased mortality risk. Consider monitoring your cystatin C for kidney function instead of serum creatinine.

23. Prioritize Whole Protein over BCAAs

Opt for whole protein sources like whey protein over branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements for muscle growth and recovery, as BCAAs are not shown to be superior and may negatively impact taste.

24. Diligent IF Protein Intake

If using time-restricted feeding (e.g., 16:8 intermittent fasting) for energy restriction, be highly diligent about ensuring adequate protein intake within your feeding window, as clinical observations suggest people often compromise protein with this method.

25. Reintroduce Foods Systematically

If an elimination diet (like carnivore) improves symptoms, systematically reintroduce individual plant foods one by one to identify specific triggers rather than permanently excluding all plants.

26. Combine Meat with Plants

When consuming high-quality animal protein, ensure you also include ample fruits and vegetables, as the benefits of meat are often seen in conjunction with plant intake, and a lack of plants can increase health risks.

27. Continue Resistance Training

Continue resistance training throughout your life, not just for physical benefits and longevity, but also for the positive feelings it provides and its anti-aging effects on appearance.