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#33 Dan Ariely: The Truth About Lies

May 25, 2018 57m 30s 19 insights
On this episode of the Knowledge Project, I’m joined by the fascinating Dan Ariely. Dan just about does it all. He has delivered 6 TED talks with a combined 20 million views, he’s a multiple New York Times best-selling author, a widely published researcher, and the James B Duke Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Economics at Duke University. For the better part of three decades, Dan has been immersed in researching why humans do some of the silly, irrational things we do. And yes, as much as we’d all like to be exempt, that includes you too. In this captivating interview, we tackle a lot of interesting topics, including: The three types of decisions that control our life and how understanding our biases can help us make smarter decisions How our environment plays a big role in our decision making and the small changes we can make to automatically improve our outcomes The “behavioural driven” bathroom scale Dan has been working on to revolutionize weight loss Which of our irrational behaviors transfer across cultures and which ones are unique to certain parts of the world (for example, find out which country is the most honest) The dishonesty spectrum and why we as humans insist on flirting with the line between “honest” and “dishonest” 3 sneaky mental tricks Dan uses to avoid making ego-driven decisions “Pluralistic ignorance” and how it dangerously affects our actions and inactions (As a bonus, Dan shares the hilarious way he demonstrates this concept to his students on their first day of class) The rule Dan created specifically for people with spinach in their teeth The difference between habits, rules, and rituals, and why they are critical to shaping us into who we want to be This was a riveting discussion and one that easily could have gone for hours. If you’ve ever wondered how you’d respond in any of these eye-opening experiments, you have to listen to this interview. If you’re anything like me, you’ll learn something new about yourself, whether you want to or not.   *** Go Premium: Members get early access, ad-free episodes, hand-edited transcripts, searchable transcripts, member-only episodes, and more. Sign up at: https://fs.blog/membership/   Every Sunday our newsletter shares timeless insights and ideas that you can use at work and home. Add it to your inbox: https://fs.blog/newsletter/   Follow Shane on Twitter at: https://twitter.com/ShaneAParrish
Actionable Insights

1. Redesign Your Environment

Actively redesign your physical and digital environments to make desired behaviors (e.g., healthy choices, productivity) the easier default, rather than being a slave to environments created by others.

2. Question Your Intuitions

Regularly question your intuitions, especially for important decisions, as most decisions are not based on data but on gut feelings, and a sense of questioning can lead to better outcomes.

3. Adopt an Advisor Mindset

When making personal decisions, think about what advice you would give to an external person in your situation to reduce the influence of your own biases and gain an outside perspective.

4. Create Behavioral Rules

Identify areas in your life where you don’t behave well and create specific, clear rules (e.g., ‘I always do X,’ ‘I never do Y’) to guide your actions, making them easier to follow than flexible guidelines.

5. Annual Habit Review

Once a year, typically at the beginning or end, review your decision strategies and habits to determine if they align with the kind of person you want to be, making general decisions about your habits.

6. Prioritize Peak Productivity

Schedule your most demanding and important tasks for the first two hours of your workday (e.g., 8-10 AM or 9-11 AM), as this is when most people are most productive.

7. Start with One Key Task

Begin your workday by focusing immediately on the single most important thing you want to achieve, avoiding distractions like opening social media or email.

8. Place Healthy Food Front & Center

Organize your refrigerator and pantry to place fruits and vegetables in prominent, easily accessible locations to make healthy food choices the most convenient option.

9. Use Weekly Prepaid Spending Card

Manage discretionary spending (coffee, restaurants, entertainment) by loading a prepaid card weekly, starting on Monday, and receiving daily reminders of your remaining balance to control expenditures.

10. Weigh Yourself Daily (Morning)

Step on a scale every morning, not for immediate feedback on weight fluctuations, but as a consistent reminder of your health goals, which serves as an important motivator.

11. Seek Delayed, Averaged Feedback

When tracking progress for long-term goals like weight loss, seek feedback that is delayed and averaged (e.g., a 3-week running average) to avoid discouragement from daily fluctuations and unrealistic expectations.

12. Consider Long-Term & Scale

When making a decision, evaluate its implications by imagining you had to make it a thousand times or if it were a much larger, more impactful choice, to avoid giving yourself a ‘one-time’ discount.

13. Ask Questions Immediately

In group settings, if you don’t understand something, ask a question immediately without looking to others, assuming you will help others who likely share the same confusion.

14. Use External Reason for Questions

When asking potentially ‘basic’ questions in a group, attribute your confusion to an external factor (e.g., ‘Sorry, I’m not familiar with the local customs, but…’) to make it easier to speak up.

15. Work Only with Loved People

Prioritize working exclusively with people you genuinely like and admire, hiring them first and then figuring out specific projects, to foster a joyful and productive work environment.

16. Empower Your Team

As a leader, hire highly capable individuals and empower them to work independently, positioning yourself as a resource available for support when needed, rather than a supervisor.

17. Create Measurable Short-Term Goals

To build resilience and a sense of progress, establish short-term goals that are measurable and allow you to see tangible improvement, even in challenging circumstances.

18. Take Calculated Time Risks

Allocate some of your time to pursue non-obvious opportunities or ‘wild cards’ that don’t immediately maximize logical outcomes, as these can sometimes lead to unexpectedly valuable experiences or insights.

19. Maintain Honesty Vigilance

Cultivate heightened awareness and vigilance regarding honesty in all aspects of life, recognizing it’s an ongoing daily struggle rather than a one-time fix, especially concerning conflicts of interest.