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#065 Dr. Satchin Panda on Circadian Insights into Exercise Timing, Melatonin Biology, and Peak Cognition

Jul 5, 2021 1h 28m 29 insights
<p><strong>Dr. Satchin Panda</strong></p> <p>Dr. Satchidananda (Satchin) Panda is a professor in the Regulatory Biology Laboratory at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. </p> <p>Dr. Panda's work focuses on chronobiology, the study of the day-night cycles that drive the multifaceted activities of the human body, using genetic, genomic, and biochemical approaches. He is an expert on circadian rhythms and a pioneer in the field of time-restricted eating. A priority for Dr. Panda when designing his studies is to identify strategies that positively impact public health.</p> <p><strong>In this episode, Dr. Panda and I discuss...</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>00:00:00 </strong>- Introduction</li> <li><strong>00:04:29</strong> - How circadian rhythms influence human health</li> <li><strong>00:12:30</strong> - Seeking bright light in the morning and avoiding it in the evening improves sleep</li> <li><strong>00:20:40</strong> - Supplemental melatonin may counteract evening bright light exposure</li> <li><strong>00:26:16</strong> - The relationship between melatonin and insulin secretion </li> <li><strong>00:33:15</strong> - Shift work, jet lag, and modern life contribute to circadian dysfunction</li> <li><strong>00:45:10</strong> - Naps might aid with afternoon sleepiness and sleep loss</li> <li><strong>00:47:05</strong> - Indoor lighting can be used to promote healthy circadian rhythms</li> <li><strong>00:51:20</strong> - Time-restricted eating strengthens circadian biology</li> <li><strong>01:02:13</strong> - Dr. Panda's ongoing study uses a smartphone app to track diet</li> <li><strong>01:03:41</strong> - Most people are unaware of their eating patterns</li> <li><strong>01:07:58</strong> - How Dr. Panda incorporates his research findings into his own life</li> <li><strong>01:16:21</strong> - Our circadian rhythms dictate when we should exercise</li> </ul> <p>If you're interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: <a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/satchin-panda-3">https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/satchin-panda-3</a></p> <p>Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on circadian insights straight to your inbox weekly: <a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter">https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter</a></p> <p><br /> Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A's with Rhonda and more: <a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor">https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor</a></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Consistent 8-Hour Bedtime

Aim to be in bed for eight hours consistently every night, going to bed within a one-hour window, to ensure you get seven to seven and a half hours of restful sleep as an adult.

2. Post-Wake Fasting

After waking up, try to avoid food for one to two hours, as this period allows melatonin levels to decrease and cortisol levels to spike, which is beneficial for metabolic function.

3. Maintain 8-12 Hour Eating Window

After your first meal, restrict all subsequent eating to a window of 8 to a maximum of 12 hours to align with time-restricted eating principles.

4. Early Dinner Cut-off

Ensure your last bite or calorie intake occurs at least two hours before your habitual bedtime to support better sleep quality.

5. Pre-Bedtime Wind-Down

Avoid both food and bright light exposure for two to three hours before bedtime to facilitate natural melatonin rise and improve sleep.

6. Outdoor Morning Exposure

During the daytime, especially in the first half, try to go outside even on cloudy days, as natural light is a powerful antidepressant and helps uplift your mood.

7. Combine Walk & Light

When stepping outside for daylight exposure, take a 30-minute brisk walk to combine your daily exercise with a beneficial dose of natural light.

8. Address Night Owl Causes

Identify and address the root causes of night owl habits, such as late-afternoon caffeine intake (coffee, tea, chocolate) and evening bright light exposure, to normalize your sleep schedule.

9. Activate Device Night Mode

Program cell phones and laptops to activate night shift or night light features around 8 or 9 PM, which dims screens and shifts colors to orange, signaling it’s time to wind down.

10. Wear Blue-Filtering Glasses

Wear blue-filtering eyeglasses in the evening to reduce blue light exposure and improve sleep quality.

11. Limit Morning Sunglasses

Avoid wearing sunglasses in the morning, especially on cloudy days or while driving in a car without direct sunlight, to allow enough blue light to activate melanopsin and reset your circadian clock.

12. Socialize During Happy Hour

When socializing on weekends, opt for happy hour to finish dinner earlier and maintain a regular bedtime, minimizing circadian rhythm disruption.

13. Shift Work: Limit Stimulants

If you are a shift worker, be extra cautious by avoiding excessive caffeinated drinks and alcohol, as their combination with shift work can be toxic and disturb sleep-wake cycles.

14. Maintain Consistent Schedule

Judiciously choose and maintain consistent eating and sleeping windows almost every single day, including off days, to keep your circadian rhythm aligned.

15. Continuous Night Shifts (If Possible)

If you are a night shift worker, consider discussing with your employer the possibility of working continuously for several days to allow your body to adjust to the night shift, followed by consecutive off days.

16. Control Bedroom Environment

Design your bedroom to have complete control over light, making it completely dark for sleep or brightly lit when needed, to optimize your sleep environment.

17. Ensure Bedroom Darkness

Equip your bedroom with good blinds to make the room completely dark, and have earplugs or an eye mask handy to facilitate sleep, especially for daytime naps or when early morning light is an issue.

18. Nap for Sleep Deprivation

If you are sleep-deprived, napping is a beneficial way to catch up on lost sleep.

19. Eat Smaller Lunches

Opt for smaller lunches to minimize physiological disturbance and combat the postprandial dip in alertness that often occurs after eating.

20. Post-Lunch Light & Activity

To combat post-lunch sleepiness, consider eating lunch outdoors under a canopy or taking a short walk immediately after your meal.

21. Select Appropriate Light Bulbs

Use orange-colored light bulbs for evening settings in bedrooms or areas where bright light is undesirable, and consider blue-shifted, bright white light bulbs during winter or daytime to improve mood and alertness.

22. Optimal Exercise Timing

Aim to exercise in the late afternoon or early evening, as this time offers better muscle tone, joint flexibility, reduced injury risk, and improved glucose management, especially for individuals with diabetes.

23. Exercise When Possible

If morning is the only available time for exercise, continue to do so, as the benefits of physical activity outweigh the specific timing.

24. Caffeine Before Morning Exercise

Consider consuming caffeine approximately 30 minutes before morning exercise, as this may boost fat oxidation to levels comparable to afternoon exercise without caffeine.

25. 12-Hour Time-Restricted Eating

Most individuals aged 5 to 100 can safely practice 12-hour time-restricted eating for health benefits, unless they have Type 1 diabetes.

26. Children’s Sleep & Eating Window

For children aged 5-10, ensure 9-10 hours of sleep and maintain natural gaps before and after sleep (e.g., brushing teeth, getting ready) to easily achieve a healthy 12-13 hour eating window.

27. TRE for Pregnant/Breastfeeding

Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should avoid highly restrictive time-restricted eating windows, such as 10 hours, as it may be too restrictive for their specific needs.

28. Avoid Extreme Calorie Restriction

When practicing time-restricted eating, be careful not to combine it with extreme calorie reduction (e.g., 1,000 kcal/day) and high activity levels, as this can adversely affect body weight, bile acid metabolism, and increase kidney stone risk.

29. TRE Caution for Type 1 Diabetics

Type 1 diabetics should exercise caution with time-restricted eating and only attempt it with a continuous glucose monitor and readily available calories to prevent hypoglycemia.