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#022 Peter Attia, M.D. on Macronutrient Thresholds for Longevity & Performance, Cancer & More

Mar 13, 2016 1h 9m 19 insights
<p><strong>Dr. Peter Attia</strong></p> <p>Peter is the founder of Attia Medical, a medical practice with offices in San Diego and New York City, focusing on the applied science of longevity and optimal performance.</p> <p>In addition to being a medical doctor, Dr. Attia has done research on the role of regulatory T cells in cancer regression and other immune-based therapies for cancer. Regulatory T cells have also been, in the past, referred to as suppressor T cells because of their role in actually attenuating or reducing the inflammatory response.</p> <p>Dr. Attia and I share interests in all things related to longevity and healthspan, which includes the role of diet, nutrition, sleep, exercise, and stress. Dr. Attia is a medical doctor and specializes in implementing these strategies in clinical practice. You can learn more about that at his website <a href="http://www.attiamedical.com">www.attiamedical.com</a>.</p> <p class="p1"><strong>In this episode, we discuss...</strong></p> <ul class="ul1"> <li class="li1"><strong>(00:00)</strong> Introduction</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(05:39)</strong> The difficulty of identifying longevity compounds</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(08:41)</strong> The mTOR and IGF-1 growth/longevity pathways </li> <li class="li1"><strong>(19:11)</strong> Preventing cell and tissue damage to live longer</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(22:28)</strong> Dr. Attia's ideal diet for prolonging lifespan</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(25:45)</strong> Measuring gut microbes is challenging<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></li> <li class="li1"><strong>(35:34)</strong> Alzheimer's disease risk is more lifestyle than genetics</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(42:05)</strong> Environmental triggers of Alzheimer's disease</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(55:49)</strong> What prolonged fasting teaches us about metabolism</li> <li class="li1"><strong>(53:36)</strong> Healing brain injury and concussion with metabolism</li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you're interested in learning more, you can read the <a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/peter-attia">full show notes here</a>.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly:</span> <span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter">https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter</a></span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A's with Rhonda and more:</span> <a href="https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor</span></a></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Avoid Smoking

Do not smoke, as it is the single most impactful behavioral change one can make to reduce the risk of heart disease.

2. Optimize Protein Intake

Consume the least amount of protein necessary to maintain and grow muscle mass, but no more, as over-consumption may over-activate growth pathways like mTOR, which are linked to aging and disease. Individual needs vary based on timing, quality, and exercise stimulus.

3. Lower Carbohydrate Intake

Reduce carbohydrate intake to the lowest tolerable point that allows for maintaining a fasting insulin level below 3-4 IU and limiting post-meal hyperinsulinemia (e.g., insulin below 30 one hour after a 75g glucose challenge). This strategy helps keep IGF and mTOR growth pathways in check, which are relevant to aging and disease.

4. Limit Refined Carbs & Sugar

Avoid highly refined carbohydrates, added sugars, and sodas, as their consumption is strongly associated with cancer and inflammation, which can damage the body and contribute to diseases like Alzheimer’s.

5. Prioritize Insulin Sensitivity

Strive to be as insulin sensitive as possible, as this reduces the risk for virtually every disease state, including Alzheimer’s disease, by improving neuronal energy metabolism.

6. Use Fat as Caloric Fill

After optimizing protein and carbohydrate intake according to individual needs and metabolic parameters, use dietary fat to fill the remaining caloric requirements.

7. Sip Leucine During Workouts

If taking branched-chain amino acids during a workout, focus on leucine (around 5 grams) and sip it throughout the workout, as it has a short stay in the body and preferentially stimulates muscle growth.

8. Monitor ApoB/LDL Particle Number

Monitor ApoB or LDL particle number as the single best biomarker for distinguishing your risk of cardiac disease, as it is more predictive than other cholesterol markers.

9. Support Gut Health with Fiber

Consume certain types of fiber from vegetables and fruits to feed beneficial gut bacteria, which generate signaling molecules that positively affect the immune system and reduce inflammation.

10. Be Mindful of Fat’s Gut Impact

Be aware that fat intake can be hard on the gut, and its effects may depend on factors such as whether it’s consumed with protein, existing gut health, and exercise levels.

11. Ensure Adequate Micronutrients

Pay attention to micronutrient intake, such as zinc and magnesium, as they are essential cofactors for enzymes and proteins involved in processes like DNA repair and keeping cancer cells in check.

12. Consider Multi-Day Fasting

Explore multi-day fasting to induce ketosis, which can provide alternative brain fuel (ketones like BHB) and may help overcome neuronal energy deficits.

13. Limit Alcohol with ApoE4

If you have an ApoE4 allele, limit alcohol consumption, as it can induce damage that your body may not repair as well, increasing your risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

14. Avoid Supplemental Antioxidants (with Cancer)

If you have cancer, avoid supplemental dietary antioxidants, as they may blunt the reactive oxygen species signaling that can push primed cancer cells towards death.

15. Increase Brain Insulin Sensitivity

Increase the insulin sensitivity of your brain to reduce the probability of neuronal energy shortage, which can improve your odds for delaying or eliminating Alzheimer’s disease, especially if you have an ApoE4 allele.

16. Consider Exogenous BHB for TBI

For traumatic brain injury (TBI), consider the administration of exogenous beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) to overcome neuronal energy deficits and potentially reduce damage.

17. Use Podcast YouTube Videos

For technical discussions, watch the accompanying YouTube video for the podcast, as it includes helpful annotations and dictionary definitions for complex terms.

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