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What Is Nirvana? | Robert Thurman

Dec 13, 2021 39m 53s 28 insights
<p>If you want to make change in a world filled with all sorts of horrors and obstacles, does it help or hurt to stay cheerful while you go about your business? Robert Thurman argues passionately in favor of cheerfulness, although he will admit to still being miserable in his own way. This is an expansive conversation that covers everything from: what is nirvana to the Buddhist Four Noble Truths to why the Buddha was a scientist. </p> <p><br /></p> <p>Robert Thurman is a legend. As a young Harvard student, he got into an accident and lost the use of one of his eyes. He dropped out and went on a spiritual quest that brought him to India, where he became the first Westerner to be ordained as a monk by the Dalai Lama, with whom he remains close friends. Thurman later disrobed, got married, and had a bunch of kids, including the movie star Uma Thurman. He also became an academic. He was a Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies at Columbia University until December 2020 and is the President of the <a href="https://thus.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Tibet House U.S.</a>, a non-profit in New York City dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Tibetan civilization. He and his wife, Nena, also run an affiliated center, called the <a href="https://menla.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Menla Retreat</a>, which is north of New York City. </p> <p><br /></p> <p>Bob just turned 80, but he is very busy. He has a new book called <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/wisdom-is-bliss-four-friendly-fun-facts-that-can-change-your-life/9781401943431" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>Wisdom is Bliss: Four Friendly Fun Facts That Can Change Your Life</em></a>. He also writes a regular newsletter for Substack and hosts <a href="https://bobthurman.com/podcasts/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">The Bob Thurman Podcast</a>.</p> <p><br /></p> <p>This is a wide-ranging interview with a fast-moving mind that talks about: bliss-void-indivisible, why we feel unsafe when we're happy, and why Robert was happy to lose his eye. Robert also offers his frank reflections on the promise and limits of the dharma from someone who has been practicing and studying for sixty years. If you don't understand every reference, try to let it wash over you because the net effect is pleasantly head-spinning. </p> <p><br /></p> <p>Check out the Dalai Lama's talk – "The Ultimate Source of Happiness," which is free for everyone in the <a href="https://10percenthappier.app.link/install" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Ten Percent Happier app</a>.</p>
Actionable Insights

1. Realize Freedom from Suffering

Realize, know, and experience that the reality underlying suffering is freedom from suffering, or nirvana, rather than just believing it.

2. Practice Path to Nirvana

Practice the educational curriculum, or path, to stop suffering and recognize the nirvana quality of everything, aiming for 100% happiness by eliminating error about reality.

3. Embrace Love in Relations

When you understand the true nature of reality, realize that love is all you can do in your relations with things, leading to an effortless 100% positive outlook.

4. Tolerate Cognitive Dissonance

Cultivate the ability to hold two opposite things in your mind simultaneously without damaging either, as this tolerance of cognitive dissonance is a sign of a great mind and enlightenment.

5. Overthrow Scientific Materialism

Challenge the idea that scientific materialism is the superior and final answer to all philosophy, as it is a dangerous and scientifically incorrect belief.

6. Develop Strong Happiness

Develop a strong degree of happiness as a worldly and spiritual duty, aiming to be so happy that you would die happy even if killed, demonstrating the mind’s malleability.

7. Stay Cheerful to Solve Problems

Realize that all terrible problems will never be solved unless you stay cheerful, as cheerfulness enables patience and systematic thinking.

8. Avoid Anger in Activism

Avoid anger when addressing problems, as it accomplishes nothing; instead, be patient and think systematically, and don’t expose yourself to those who profit from provoking anger.

9. Make a Plan, Be Happy

When dealing with activist issues, make a plan and prioritize being happy, rather than getting angry, to effectively address the problems.

10. Be Happy Activists

Engage in activism for global problems with a strong degree of happiness and cheerfulness, avoiding hatred towards evildoers to prevent further violence.

11. Cultivate Love, Kindness, Happiness

Cultivate love, kindness, and happiness as a core part of your life, connecting your profession to following your bliss to benefit yourself and others.

12. Learn Deeper States of Awareness

Learn how to control your mind and understand the deeper nature of the altered states of awareness that human beings can achieve, as this is part of the skill and art of life.

13. Counter ‘Ignorance is Bliss’

Counter the saying ‘ignorance is bliss’ by understanding that wisdom is bliss, as knowing and experiencing the full reality brings freedom, not fear.

14. Acknowledge Suffering

Acknowledge the friendly fact of suffering to avoid placing false expectations on regular, normal, self-centered interactions, as this is the first step in Buddha’s path to happiness.

15. Understand Cause of Suffering

Understand how suffering happens and the reason for it, which is the cause of it, as this is the second friendly fact and diagnosis of the problem.

16. Challenge Delusional Awareness

Acknowledge that our normal delusional awareness, which makes us think we are the center of everything, is unworkable and will lead to frustration.

17. Identify Altruistically with Others

Identify with more people altruistically, recognizing that others are as important as you, to increase your own happiness by helping them be happy.

18. Follow Three Educations

Follow the three educations – ethical, mental (meditation), and scientific/wisdom – as part of the path to realize nirvana and freedom from suffering.

19. Cultivate Ethical Harmony

Cultivate a more harmonious way of relating to others through ethical education, focusing on kindness, love, and altruism, before pursuing deeper realizations.

20. Deconstruct Delusional Reality

Engage in scientific or wisdom education to actively disbelieve that what you habitually perceive is the real reality, critically deconstructing delusional perceptions.

21. Build Meditation on Ethics

Ensure meditation is built upon a foundation of ethics and critical analysis of delusional reality to effectively reach toward the real, bliss reality.

22. Don’t Blindly Believe

Avoid blind faith or belief in teachings just because they are stated; instead, seek to understand and experience them, as Buddha was non-dogmatic.

23. Don’t Convert Others

Do not aim to convert others to Buddhism or any other religion; instead, follow the Dalai Lama’s advice to help people convert to their own better self from within themselves.

24. Keep Grandmother’s Religion

Follow the Dalai Lama’s advice to keep your grandmother’s religion, implying respect for one’s inherited spiritual or cultural background.

25. Train for Cheerfulness

Train yourself to be cheerful in daily life, choosing peaceful responses like having a cup of tea instead of engaging in conflict.

26. Stay Cheerful While Changing

When trying to make change in a world filled with horrors and obstacles, it helps to stay cheerful while going about your business, as argued passionately by the guest.

27. Retroactively Enjoy Moments

Find consolation in the understanding that upon achieving full bliss in the future, you will retroactively experience all past moments, including current struggles, as nirvana.

28. Have Midlife Crisis Early

Consider a midlife crisis at a younger age, like 20, as potentially lucky because it can enable an earlier spiritual quest and self-discovery.