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The Science of Making and Keeping Friends | Robin Dunbar

Oct 24, 2022 55m 1s 18 insights
<p><em>New episodes come out every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for free, with 1-week early access for Wondery+ subscribers.</em></p> <p>---</p> <p>Friendship might not necessarily be something you've considered to be an urgent psychological and physiological issue. One thing we explore a lot on the show is that the quality of your relationships determines the quality of your life, and sadly, in many ways, it's harder than ever to make and keep friends. With loneliness and disconnection on the rise, our society just wasn't constructed for social connection, and recent data suggests we're in a friendship crisis, with many of us reporting that we have fewer close friendships than ever.</p> <p><br /></p> <p>Our guest today is Robin Dunbar, an Emeritus Professor of Evolutionary Psychology at Oxford University and the author of numerous books on the development of homo sapiens. Dunbar is perhaps best known for formulating "Dunbar's number," which is a measurement of the number of relationships our brain is capable of maintaining at any one time. He is a world-renowned expert on human relationships, and has a ton of fascinating research findings and practical tips for upping your friendship game.</p> <p><br /></p> <p>In this conversation, we dive into the science behind human relationships, the upsides and downsides of maintaining friendships on social media, the viability of friendships across gender lines, and what science says you can do to compensate if you feel you are currently lacking in close friendships. </p> <p><br /></p> <p><br /></p> <p><strong>Full Shownotes:</strong> <a href="https://www.tenpercent.com/podcast-episode/robin-dunbar-372-rerun" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.tenpercent.com/podcast-episode/robin-dunbar-372-rerun</a></p>
Actionable Insights

1. Prioritize Friendships

Make a huge effort to jumpstart old friendships and create new ones, as the quality of your relationships profoundly determines the quality of your life, making it a truly urgent issue.

2. Prioritize Social Health

Recognize that the quality and number of your close friendships are the best predictors of your psychological and physical health, including longevity, often outweighing other health factors.

3. Identify Core Support

Nurture your innermost circle of typically five “shoulders to cry on” – those intense relationships with people who will drop everything to support you when your world falls apart.

4. Seek Local Close Friends

If a very close friend moves away, consider finding a new “shoulder to cry on” who is physically accessible, as face-to-face interaction, including physical comfort, is vital for intimate friendships.

5. Actively Engage with Friends

To maintain friendships, consistently engage with people, ideally face-to-face on a regular basis (e.g., once or twice a week), as lack of engagement will cause the emotional quality of the friendship to decay.

6. Maintain Optimal Contact

Keep seeing friends, but be mindful not to overdo it; find the optimum frequency of contact specific to the emotional closeness and layer of each relationship to keep it strong.

7. Invest Time in New Friends

Be prepared to invest significant time, approximately 200 hours of face-to-face interaction over several months, to transform a stranger into a reasonably close friend.

8. Join Social Hobby Clubs

To make new friends, especially after moving, join hobby clubs, singing groups, theater groups, or hiking groups, as these provide comfortable environments and regular opportunities to meet people.

9. Volunteer to Connect

Combat feelings of isolation or loneliness by volunteering, as it embeds you in a group of people and provides a ready-made social environment for forming connections.

10. Engage in Group Activities

If you lack 4-5 close friends, particularly as an older person, compensate by engaging in around three voluntary social activities (e.g., church, hobby groups) to embed yourself in a social environment and prevent depression, but avoid spreading yourself too thinly.

11. Boost Bonding with Endorphins

Engage in activities like laughter, singing, dancing, religious rituals, social eating, drinking alcohol, and telling emotional stories to trigger endorphin release and foster social bonding, with singing being particularly effective.

12. Nurture Family Bonds

Recognize that family relationships are more robust and “cheaper” to maintain than friendships, allowing you to pick up where you left off even after long periods without daily investment.

13. Utilize Digital Contact

Use social and digital media (cell phones, etc.) to maintain contact with friends, especially those who are geographically distant, as it can effectively substitute for some in-person interactions.

14. Avoid Prolonged Isolation

While temporary solitude can be a relief, avoid staying in isolation for too long, as prolonged loneliness can lead to serious psychological and physical consequences.

15. Personalize Friendship Approach

Understand that introverts thrive with fewer, deeply invested friendships, while extroverts prefer more, less intensely maintained connections; tailor your approach to friendships based on your personality type.

16. Avoid Malicious Gossip

Refrain from using negative or malicious gossip, as it erodes trust and can lead to ostracization, thereby undermining the foundation of friendships and community.

17. Use Casual “Gossip” Positively

Engage in casual conversation or “gossip” (in its original, positive sense of hanging out) as a declaration of commitment and a foundational activity for maintaining relationships.

18. Adapt Conversation Depth

Recognize that extensive conversation is crucial for building new relationships, but becomes less necessary as relationships mature and trust deepens, allowing for comfortable silence.