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The Right Kind of Suffering | Paul Bloom

Nov 22, 2021 58m 9s 20 insights
<p>Is there a good kind of suffering? Paul Bloom says, yes -- there is a kind of suffering that you choose. This voluntary suffering can reduce anxiety and make your life more meaningful. This episode explores that idea, along with: why we are hardwired to worry about bad things (and why that's ok); the difference between chosen and unchosen suffering; post-traumatic growth and why it's not always true that what doesn't kill you, makes you stronger; benign masochism and the blurring of pleasure and pain; and cognitive empathy vs. emotional empathy.</p> <p>Dr. Paul Bloom is a Professor of Psychology at the University of Toronto and the Brooks and Suzanne Ragen Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Yale University. He is the author of six books, the most recent of which is called, <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/the-sweet-spot-the-pleasures-of-suffering-and-the-search-for-meaning/9780062910561" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>The Sweet Spot: The Pleasures of Suffering and the Search for Meaning</em></a>.</p> <p>Subscribe by December 1 to get 40% off a Ten Percent Happier subscription! Click <a href="http://www.tenpercent.com/40" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">here</a> for your discount.</p>
Actionable Insights

1. Embrace Voluntary Suffering

Intentionally choose activities that involve a degree of suffering, as this voluntary engagement can lead to a more meaningful life and potentially reduce anxiety.

2. Prioritize Meaning Over Happiness

Avoid directly striving for happiness, as this can lead to unhappiness; instead, focus on pursuing a meaningful and good life, allowing happiness to emerge as a natural byproduct.

3. Cultivate a Meaningful Pursuit

Establish a large-scale, long-term meaningful pursuit in your life that you believe will matter, as this is a powerful factor in resilience and thriving.

4. Seek Meaningful Struggle

Understand that a truly meaningful life often involves anxiety, difficulty, struggle, and worry; embrace these challenges as integral to significant pursuits like raising children or starting a business.

5. Develop Cognitive Empathy

Strive to understand what’s going on in other people’s minds and their perspectives, as this form of intelligence is crucial for productive conversation, wisdom, and peace.

6. Cultivate Rational Compassion

Prioritize rational compassion—understanding others’ pain and desiring to help—over emotional empathy, which can be exhausting and lead to burnout.

7. Guide Morality with Rationality

When making moral decisions, use rationality and compassion to guide your actions, rather than relying solely on gut feelings or emotional empathy, which can be biased.

8. Familiarize with Your Mind via Meditation

Practice meditation to open yourself to the ‘whole mess’ of your mind, becoming familiar with your thoughts and emotions to develop a ‘positive dispassion’ and avoid being owned by them.

9. Escape the Self Through Focus

Engage in activities that demand intense focus or physical discomfort, like Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu or endurance exercise, to temporarily quiet the ’noisy self’ and its worries.

10. Explore Benign Masochism

Engage in mild, controlled forms of pain or discomfort, such as eating spicy foods, watching scary movies, or participating in endurance exercise, to derive pleasure through contrast and control.

11. Utilize Contrast for Pleasure

Recognize that the brain is a ‘difference engine’ that enjoys contrast; allow for negative experiences to enhance the appreciation and pleasure derived from positive ones.

12. Build Discipline Through Difficulty

Engage in challenging activities like sports, arts, or rigorous exercise to cultivate discipline, control, and mastery, which can transfer to other areas of life and foster an appreciation for work and struggle.

13. Accept Diverse Motivations

Recognize and accept that human motivation is pluralistic, encompassing a wide range of desires from altruistic to self-serving, and avoid shaming yourself for having complex motivations.

14. Practice Self-Acceptance

Cultivate ‘self-love’ by becoming comfortable with your own flaws and ‘ugliness,’ as this self-acceptance fosters compassion and reduces judgment towards others.

15. Optimize Your Worry Level

Cultivate an optimal amount of anxiety and rumination to prepare for potential challenges, understanding that while excessive worry is harmful, too little can lead to recklessness.

16. Rehearse Worst-Case Scenarios

Indulge in fiction, such as zombie movies or stories of societal collapse, to safely explore and rehearse responses to worst-case scenarios, satisfying a natural human appetite to explore the negative.

17. Value External Feedback

Remain open to what others think of you, as external feedback can provide valuable insights into your behavior and performance, helping you to adjust and improve.

18. Differentiate Suffering Types

Recognize the difference between chosen suffering (which can offer benefits) and unchosen suffering (which is generally detrimental and not to be sought out).

19. Balance Suffering Consumption

Be mindful not to become so engrossed in consuming stories of suffering for pleasure that you lose sight of the need to actively work towards alleviating real-world unchosen suffering.

20. Avoid Pain for Status

Be cautious of engaging in increasingly extreme forms of self-inflicted pain or difficulty purely for social signaling or to ‘one-up’ others, as this can lead to harmful cycles and physical damage.