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The Buddha's Four-Part Strategy for "Ultimate Happiness" | Sally Armstrong

Jul 8, 2020 1h 5m 20 insights
"Mindfulness" has become a buzz phrase. There are books on mindful parenting, mindful lawyering, even mindful sex. But what does the word even mean? And how do you actually do it? In one of his most famous and foundational discourses, the Buddha was said to have laid out, in great detail, four ways to establish mindfulness. In today's episode we're going to walk through these four "foundations" of mindfulness with Sally Armstrong, who started practicing in 1981, began teaching 15 years later, and now leads retreats all over the world. Before we start, I should note that we recorded this interview shortly before the pandemic and the racial justice protests, but we thought it might be a good time to drop a good, old-fashioned, meat and potatoes, stick to your ribs dharma episode to help us get back to basics.  Where to find Sally online:  Spirit Rock Profile: https://www.spiritrock.org/sally-armstrong Sally Armstrong on Dharmaseed.org: https://dharmaseed.org/teacher/153/ You can find meditations from our world-class teachers and much more on our app. Visit tenpercent.com to download the Ten Percent Happier app and kickstart your meditation practice. Visit tenpercent.com to sign up today. Other Resources Mentioned: S.N Goenka / https://www.dhamma.org/en-US/about/goenka  The 3 Characteristics / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_marks_of_existence The Four Noble Truths / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths Ajahn Sumedho / https://dharmaseed.org/teacher/10/ Insight Meditation Society / https://www.dharma.org/ Joseph Goldstein's Book Mindfulness / https://www.amazon.com/Mindfulness-Practical-Awakening-Joseph-Goldstein/dp/1622036050  Additional Resources: Ten Percent Happier Live: https://tenpercent.com/live Coronavirus Sanity Guide: https://www.tenpercent.com/coronavirussanityguide Free App access for Frontline Workers: https://tenpercent.com/care Full Shownotes: https://www.tenpercent.com/podcast-episode/sally-armstrong-263
Actionable Insights

1. Cultivate Mindful Choice

Practice mindfulness to create a space between impulse and action, allowing you to make choices based on your values and higher intentions rather than habitual knee-jerk reactions.

2. Observe Urges, Don’t Act

Recognize urges as “itches” that don’t require automatic scratching; observe them without immediately acting, understanding you have a choice in your response.

3. Decouple Suffering from Pain

Use mindfulness to observe difficult experiences without resistance, fear, judgment, or blame, thereby shifting your relationship to pain and reducing suffering.

4. Maintain Beginner’s Mind

Cultivate a healthy humility and “beginner’s mind,” fostering an openness to continuous growth and learning in your practice and life, regardless of experience.

5. Feel Your Body Directly

Instead of thinking about or conceptualizing your body, practice feeling and knowing it directly from the inside through sensations.

6. Observe Feeling Tones

Pay attention to the “feeling tone” (pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral) of every experience, recognizing your ingrained tendency to chase pleasant, avoid unpleasant, or disengage from neutral, as this pattern fuels suffering.

7. Witness Mind States Non-Judgmentally

Practice non-judgmental awareness of your mind states (Citta), observing the presence or absence of greed, aversion, delusion, concentration, or restlessness without blame, to understand their nature and reduce their power.

8. Skillfully Address Hindrances

Learn to skillfully engage with mental hindrances (e.g., wanting, aversion, restlessness, sleepiness, doubt) by understanding the conditions that cause them to arise or dissipate, and actively choosing not to encourage unskillful conditions.

9. Cultivate Positive Qualities

Actively develop positive qualities of mind (like the seven factors of awakening) by recognizing their presence or absence and skillfully creating conditions that support their growth in your life and practice.

10. Frame Experience with Dharma

Interpret personal difficulties and experiences through the lens of Dharma teachings (e.g., impermanence, suffering, non-self, Four Noble Truths) to gain wisdom and learn from challenges rather than feeling helpless or victimized.

11. Sustain Daily Practice & Retreats

Commit to a consistent daily meditation practice, potentially using apps for support, and attend meditation retreats to deepen your understanding and integrate mindfulness into your being over extended periods.

12. Mindfulness in Difficult Interactions

In challenging interpersonal moments, practice mindfulness by becoming aware of your own reactive thoughts and physiological responses, grounding yourself with breath, and choosing not to follow unskillful impulses.

13. Appreciate Absence of Negativity

Actively notice and appreciate moments when negative mind states like greed are absent, recognizing the inherent presence of positive states such as non-greed, letting go, or generosity.

14. Deconstruct Body/Self View

Observe the impermanence, inherent unsatisfactoriness, and lack of permanent control over your body and all experience to deconstruct solidified views of self and gain freedom from limiting constructs.

15. Teach to Deepen Understanding

Engage in teaching or publicly presenting material you are learning, as this process forces deeper understanding, metabolization, and creative engagement with the subject matter.

16. Learn Skillful Diverse Communication

Develop the ability to speak skillfully and empathetically to people from diverse backgrounds or those experiencing unique forms of suffering, even when their experiences differ from your own.

17. Connect with Dharma Community

Actively make choices to connect with spiritual teachings (Dharma), such as attending retreats, befriending meditators, and seeking out environments where meditation is practiced.

18. Read Dharma Books

Read books on mindfulness and Dharma teachings, such as Joseph Goldstein’s “Mindfulness,” to gain deeper understanding and support your practice.

19. Utilize Dharmaseed.org Resource

Access hundreds of Dharma talks from various teachers, including Sally Armstrong, on dharmaseed.org to deepen your understanding and support your meditation practice.

20. Submit Sleep Questions

Call 646-883-8326 by July 10th to leave a voicemail with your sleep-related questions for an upcoming podcast episode.