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The Buddha's 8-Part Manual for a Good Life | Brother Pháp Dung

Feb 1, 2021 44m 27s 15 insights
Today we're talking about one of the Buddha's first and most important lists: the Eightfold Path. I'm kinda surprised we've never done a deep dive into this list on the show before, but better late than never. Some context before we dive in: The Buddha, as many of you know, was a congenital list maker. His first and foundational list was the Four Noble Truths. This is the list that begins with "life is suffering" -- which is something of a mistranslation; it basically means that life will be unsatisfying if you are constantly clinging to things that will not last, given the nonnegotiable fact of relentless impermanence. The second noble truth is that the cause of our suffering is thirst or clinging. The third is that there is a way out of this mess. And the fourth is a sort of manual for waking up and suffering less. That fourth noble truth is the Eightfold path. It's a list within a list. And to help us unpack it all is a fascinating person named Brother Pháp Dung. He was born in Vietnam, came to the US with his family as a child refugee, and was raised in LA. He later trained in architecture at USC before becoming a monk under his teacher, a towering figure in modern Buddhism named Thich Nhat Hanh. Phap Dung has a fascinating critique of our capitalist, consumerist culture. He's not saying that we should opt out, just that we can use the Eightfold Path to create a different relationship to it all. So we dive into all of that in this chat -- but we begin with his personal story, which involves family strife and a lot of skepticism. Full Shownotes: https://www.tenpercent.com/podcast-episode/brother-phap-dung-320
Actionable Insights

1. Observe Your Thoughts

Practice observing your own thoughts, how they arise and disappear, to understand the workings of your mind and its impact on your well-being. This initial step helps you see the direct effects of mental practice.

2. Stay with Difficult Emotions

When strong emotions like anger arise, sit still, feel the sensations in your body, and follow your breathing without reacting or moving. Recognizing and being present with the emotion allows it to dissipate, leading to less suffering and more inner space.

3. Cultivate Mindfulness & Concentration

Practice awareness of your breath and body to be fully present in the here and now, developing your “mindfulness energy” and ability to focus your mind. These fundamental energies are crucial for training your mind and observing thoughts and emotions with clarity.

4. Develop Right View & Insight

With developed mindfulness and concentration, observe the causes of your emotions to gain insight, recognizing multiple conditions rather than blaming a single source. Right insight releases internal “knots” (fixed ideas or burdens), leading to a more open and less reactive perspective.

5. Practice Mental Diligence

Recognize unwholesome or unskillful thoughts and feelings when they arise, and practice bringing them down, avoiding “watering” negative seeds in your mind. Conversely, recognize and tend to wholesome, helpful thoughts and feelings that cause less suffering.

6. Cultivate an Investigative Mind

Develop an investigative mind to question everything within yourself, how you interact, and what society accepts as normal, including traditional beliefs about happiness. This helps you determine what truly brings happiness and prevents blind acceptance of external pressures.

7. Question Materialistic Assumptions

Investigate the underlying reasons and effects of desires for new material possessions (e.g., cars, clothes, shoes) rather than blindly following societal or peer pressure. This practice helps you understand if new possessions genuinely bring happiness or if they lead to anxiety and unnecessary consumption.

8. Bring Mindfulness to Daily Actions

Integrate mindfulness and concentration into everyday actions like opening doors, taking off shoes, or closing car doors, performing them with care and awareness instead of habitual haste or violence. This internal training positively affects your speech and thinking, leading to more mindful interactions with others and the world.

9. Reflect on Habits & Their Roots

Observe your habitual actions, such as slamming doors or interrupting others, and reflect on the underlying patterns or attitudes they reveal about your interactions with the world and people. This self-reflection uncovers connections between seemingly minor habits and broader behavioral patterns, enabling you to address them.

10. Cultivate Right Thinking

Examine your views about yourself and others, as a shift in these views (right view) directly leads to a change in your thinking (right thinking). Releasing fixed views about others allows for different, more compassionate thoughts to emerge, improving relationships and inner peace.

11. Practice Right Speech

Be mindful and careful with your speech, recognizing it stems from your thoughts and views, and includes non-verbal communication. Practice “loving speech” and learn to stop yourself from speaking when driven by ego or a need to be right, as this can be liberating.

12. Cultivate Right Action

Slow down and learn to be quiet and mindful in your actions, such as eating without making noise or being aware of how you stand or sit. This training helps you become more aware of the subtle biases and energies underlying your actions, leading to more skillful and less disruptive behavior.

13. Seek Right Livelihood

Strive to find a livelihood that aligns with your heart and intentions, focusing on service or helping others rather than solely on external motivators like fame or salary. A livelihood rooted in purpose and compassion brings deeper fulfillment and contributes to collective well-being.

14. Approach the Path Empirically

Practice the Eightfold Path as a practical, evidence-based manual for living, observing its effects on your mind and body through direct experience and investigation. This approach allows for personal discovery and validation of its benefits, making it a practical guide for reducing suffering and increasing clarity.

15. Avoid Dogmatic Sharing

Do not become dogmatic in your beliefs; when you find something you think is “right,” be careful when sharing it, as giving it to someone not ready can be “poison.” Exercise discernment to ensure the other person is receptive, preventing harm even from good intentions.