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How Your Emotions Are Made | Lisa Feldman Barrett

Apr 5, 2021 1h 13m 16 insights
Today's guest is at the forefront of understanding human emotions: what they are, why humans evolved to have them, how they're different from feelings, and what science says about how to manage them (rather than get yanked around by them all the time). Dr. Lisa Feldman-Barrett is a University Distinguished Professor of Psychology at Northeastern University, with appointments at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. She's written several books, including How Emotions are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain and Seven and a Half Lessons about the Brain. In this conversation, we talk about how we can "deconstruct" our own emotions, and the overlap between her research findings and Buddhism. And one more order of business: Next Monday, April 12, we're launching a two-week series about hope. Hope was perhaps one of the cruelest casualties of the coronavirus pandemic. As we start to inch our way into a vaccinated world, there are ways we can skillfully engage with hope without setting ourselves up for disappointment. And not only are we exploring hope on the podcast, but we also have new bespoke meditations from our podcast guests and teachers dropping in the Ten Percent Happier app so that you can actually practice hope as a skill. If you don't already have it, get the app now so that you're ready to practice. To get started, download the Ten Percent Happier app, for free, wherever you get your apps. Full Shownotes: https://www.tenpercent.com/podcast-episode/lisa-feldman-barrett-336
Actionable Insights

1. Avoid Emotional Denial

Do not choose the path of denial or compartmentalization for your emotions, because neglecting them will inevitably lead to those emotions owning you.

2. Deconstruct Your Emotions

Learn to deconstruct your own emotions by breaking down complex emotional experiences into their more basic components, allowing for different interpretations.

3. Build Flexible Meaning-Making Skills

Actively build the skill of flexibly making meaning from your sensations, providing your brain with more options to choose from, which enhances resilience and automaticity.

4. Practice Emotional Flexibility Regularly

To gain more control over your brain’s emotional narratives, practice reframing and deconstruction consistently when not in stressful moments, allowing the skill to become automatic and less metabolically costly.

5. Reframe Arousal as Determination

When experiencing increased arousal or jittery feelings, practice reframing these sensations as determination instead of anxiety to improve performance and change your life’s trajectory.

6. Deconstruct Sensations with Mindfulness

Practice mindfulness meditation to experience sensations in their most basic form (affect), rather than immediately grasping at perceptions and constructing full-blown emotions, which helps in not being yanked around by sensations.

7. Reframe Morning “Crap” as Body Budget Deficit

If you wake up feeling bad, reframe it as your “body budget running a deficit” due to factors like sleep or dehydration, instead of immediately attributing it to psychological issues, and then address the physical needs.

8. Practice Awe for Five Minutes Daily

Dedicate five minutes each day to practice feeling awe, which helps you feel like a “speck” and consequently reduces the perceived size of your problems, lowering the burden on your body budget.

9. Find Awe in Mundane Moments

Actively seek out moments of awe in your daily life, even in seemingly mundane or frustrating situations like a weed in a sidewalk crack or internet glitches, to shift your perspective and appreciate the miraculous.

10. Cultivate Curiosity Over Anger

When experiencing anger or fury, use it as an opportunity to practice deconstruction by attempting to genuinely cultivate curiosity about the situation or your sensations instead.

11. Consider Alternative Explanations

When encountering frustrating or negative actions from others, consciously consider alternative, more compassionate explanations for their behavior, which can provide you with options to feel differently.

12. Perform Small Acts of Kindness

When you feel determined to change things but are limited in what you can do, engage in small acts of kindness, as even one small act can make the world a little bit better.

13. Avoid Somatization of Problems

Do not solely experience psychological difficulties as physical symptoms (somatization) without acknowledging their deeper affective significance, as this is unhealthy and doesn’t help solve the underlying problem.

14. Deliberately Practice Difficult Skills

Deliberately practice challenging skills in a controlled environment, like driving on icy roads, to remind your brain how to perform them automatically when necessary.

15. Cultivate Past for Future Self

Consciously cultivate your past experiences, as your brain uses this accumulated knowledge to predict and shape who you will be in the future.

16. Practice Hope as a Skill

Engage with hope as a skill by utilizing bespoke meditations, which can help you navigate difficult moments without setting yourself up for massive disappointment.